14: Whig Response to Social Change Flashcards
How many working class children attended Sunday school by 1830?
1 million
How much did Government give monitorial schools?
£20,000
Why did traditional political classes oppose using public money to educate working class children?
They could be working instead
When did government increase their grant to monitorial schools to £30,000?
1839
When was the Factory Education Act and what did it achieve?
1843
Attempted to make Anglican schooling compulsory for child labourers
Who opposed the Factory Education Act?
Non-conformists and Catholics
Who led the 10 hour movement?
Lord Ashley, a Tory evangelical
Why did Ashley’s 1846 Ten Hour Bill fail?
Government was reluctant to interfere with adult working hours
Chadwick recommended legislation in regard to children
What were the terms of the 1833 Factory Act?
No child under 9 to be employed in a factory
Children between 9 and 12 to work 8 hours a day with a maximum of 9 hours a day and 48 hours a week
Young people between 13 and 18 to work a maximum of 12 hours a day and 69 hours a week
Children to have 2 hours of schooling per day
Four factory inspectors were appointed as regulators
What were the impacts of the 1833 Factory Act?
More children employed but they could take them from the newly created workhouses
Effective because of inspectors
Why was parliament flooded with petitions about slavery after the 1832 Reform Act?
It was expected that the abolition of slavery would be included, when it wasn’t abolitionists became disappointed
What were the impacts of the Jamaican slave revolts in 1831-2?
It sent shock waves throughout government
It led to the Slavery Abolition Act in 1833
Why wasn’t the Slavery Abolition Act immediately successful?
Slaves could be reclassified as apprentices
Release dates were set to 1840 then reduced to 1838
Who pressed for a change from the Speenhamland System of outdoor relief?
The middles classes who were paying high rates towards poor relief and wanted a quick solution to poverty and unemployment
What were the terms of the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834?
Abolished outdoor relief
Set up the Poor Law Commission
Conditions were kept deliberately harsh to dissuade poor people from going to workhouses
