1.4 Membrane transport Flashcards

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1
Q

Types of movement through membrane

A
  1. Simple diffusion
  2. Facilitated diffusion
  3. Osmosis
  4. Active transport
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2
Q

Simple diffusion

A

SIMPLE DIFFUSION: net movement of particles from high conc to low conc until equilibrium is reached

DOWN the concentration gradient

Particles: non-polar/hydrophobic, small - CO2, O2, glucose

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3
Q

Facilitated diffusion

A

FACILITATED DIFFUSION: diffusion through protein channels in membrane

DOWN the conc gradient (one channel - one type of particle)

Particles: large, polar/hydrophilic - sugars, ions, water (aquaporins)

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4
Q

Osmosis

A

OSMOSIS: diffusion of water thorugh semi-permeable membrane from low solute conc to high solute conc until equilibrium is reached

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5
Q

How do substances dissolve?

A

By forming intermolecular bonds with water molecules

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6
Q

Osmolarity

A

OSMOLARITY: measurement of the amount of solute particles in a solvent

Water potential - the ability /potential of water to move around

Osmotic control is important in otransplant organ bathing

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7
Q

Types of solutions

A

HYPERTONIC: higher osmolarity, crenation (RBC), plasmolysis (plant)

ISOTONIC: same osmolarity, nothing (RBC), flaccid (plant)

HYPOTONIC: lower osmolarity, lysis (burst) (RBC), turgid (plant)

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8
Q

Active transport

A

ACTIVE TRANSPORT: the movement of particles AGAINST conc gradient using ENERGY (ATP)

Proteins pumps (specific to molecules) - hydrolysis of ATP causes conformational change - translocate molecules against the gradient - maintains gradient

Ex: Na-K pumps in neuron axons (maintains the gradient 3Na+ out - 2K+ in

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9
Q

Endocytosis - Exocytosis

A

ENDOCYTOSIS: vesicles form, membrane pinches off, material into the cell, conatins water and solute that cant pas through membrane

EXOCYTOSIS: vesicles fuse with membrane, releases content outside - secretion/expel waste

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