14. Joseph Chamberlain (Additional Information)

Question 1

What did JC set up in 1897 and 1902?

Answer 1

The London Colonial Conference

Question 2

Why was the LCC created?

Answer 2

Created with a vision of creating an imperial federation and customs union

Question 3

How successful was the LCC?

Answer 3

Is was rejected

Question 4

What did JC believe about imperial trade?

Answer 4

He believed it was preferable to free trade as it was strategically reliable in an emergency

Question 5

What did JC promote?

Answer 5

Colonial development

Question 6

JC’s belief about a British national crisis

Answer 6

Believed Britain was in a national crisis as other powers had increasing industries and militaries which were overtaking that of Britain

Question 7

What was the only way to solve the national crisis according to JC?

Answer 7

The reorganisation of the Empire - imperial preference

Question 8

What industries rejected JC’s imperial policy of imperial preference? Why?

Answer 8

Banking, manufacturing and shipping industries due to their personal interests in free trade

Question 9

What did opposers to imperial preference believe about the British Empire?

Answer 9

They believed it wasn’t an economic necessity and was far from self-efficient

Question 10

Where did opposers to imperial preference believe the majority of Britain’s wealth had come from?

Answer 10

Free trade

Question 11

How did the public show opposition to JC in 1906?

Answer 11

By electing Liberal Party in general election of 1906

Question 12

Signs that JC’s attempts to strengthen Empire failed: criticism

Answer 12

Criticism towards imperialist grew from 1895

Question 13

JC’s tariff reform

Answer 13

A reform to bring about imperial reform by putting more emphasis on imperial trade

Question 14

Signs that JC’s attempts to strengthen Empire failed: tariff reform

Answer 14

JC’s attempt of tariff reform failed shown by Liberal Party win of 1906 election

Question 15

Signs that JC’s attempts to strengthen Empire failed: LCC

Answer 15

Formation of imperial customs union was rejected at London Colonial Conference

Question 16

JC’s policy of South Africa

Answer 16

Brought about unification of South Africa

Question 17

Signs that JC’s attempts to strengthen Empire failed: liberal rule

Answer 17

Some of JC’s policies (E.g. unification of SA) was reversed when liberal party was elected

Question 18

Signs that JC’s attempts to strengthen Empire were successful: public response to war

Answer 18

Due to JC’s charismatic nature, attitudes towards was in 1899 and 1914 were popular

Question 19

Signs that JC’s attempts to strengthen Empire were successful: growth of Empire

Answer 19

Under JC’s stewardship the Empire grew

Question 20

Examples of how Empire grew under JC’s stewardship

Answer 20

Boer War win
Transvaal and Orange Free State joining Empire
Expansion in East and West Africa

Question 21

Signs that JC’s attempts to strengthen Empire were successful: continuation of policies under Liberal Office

Answer 21

JC promoted colonial development and this was continued under Liberal Party