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British Empire - 2. Imperial Consolidation and Liberal Rule 1890-1914 > 13. Attitudes Towards Imperialism > Flashcards

13. Attitudes Towards Imperialism Flashcards

1
Q

What patriotic British song was written in 1902?

A

Land of Hope and Glory

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2
Q

What does Land of Hope and Glory suggest? (Two things)

A

The belief that Empire should always be expanding
The belief that God wanted the British Empire to be powerful

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3
Q

Reaction to imperialism of the press

A

The press hugely supported imperialism

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4
Q

Who did the press portray as national heroes?

A

The solider, explorers and hunters involved in Empire

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5
Q

What increased as a result of increased support for imperialism increase?

A

Increased racism, stereotypes and rapid judgements towards colonies and people of Empire

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6
Q

What political party was the most supportive of imperialism?

A

Conservative Party

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7
Q

Which political party won the khaki election in 1900?

A

Conservative party

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8
Q

What was the imperial objective of the Liberal Party?

A

For each colony of Empire to be under self-rule

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9
Q

What did Liberals aim at with imperialism?

A

Education and improvement of colonies

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10
Q

What did Liberals and the Labour Party prefer in the early 1900s?

A

They preferred workers freedom ‘through’ Empire raather than ‘from’ Empire

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11
Q

What as Empire morally viewed as?

A

A ‘responsibility’ and a ‘burden’ that God placed on British to bring stability and order to the world

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12
Q

What did British Conservative Prime Minister Lord Salisbury want to create?

A

A stronger and more closely United Empire

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13
Q

What did Lord Curzon view Empire as?

A

A racial duty

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14
Q

Quote from Lord Curzon describing Empire

A

‘Instrument for the good of humanity’

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15
Q

What did Lord Milner argue about every man of British birth should feel?

A

Should feel equally at home in every state of Empire

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16
Q

What did high imperialist want?

A

A stronger Empire ran by white people

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17
Q

Why did Chamberlain believe there was a ‘national crisis’ in Britain?

A

Because industrial and military development of other powers was increasing up and over that of Britain

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18
Q

What was the only way to solve the ‘national crisis’ according to Chamberlain?

A

Reorganisation of Empire

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19
Q

What policy did most imperialists favour?

A

Policy of imperial preference

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20
Q

What did Chamberlain believe Empire could provide fundings for?

A

Welfare reforms

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21
Q

Examples of societies and organisations that many imperialist activists were a part of

A

Royal Colonial Institute
Victoria League
Round Table Movement
Empire Day Movement

22
Q

Purpose of the Royal Colonial Institute

A

To provide a letting place for those interested in colonial and Indian affairs

23
Q

When was the Royal Colonial Institute founded?

A

1870

24
Q

When was the Victoria League founded?

A

1901

25
Q

What was the Victoria League?

A

Non-political organisation founded by women to promote closer unison between parts of Empire

26
Q

Who was a strong critic of Empire?

A

Hobson

27
Q

What did Hobson believe imperial expansion had been driven by?

A

A search for new markets and opportunities for rich British capitalists to make profit

28
Q

What did Hobson believe imperial expansion was?

A

A ‘capitalist plot’

29
Q

When did most critics of Empire emerge?

A

In the aftermath of the Second Boer War

30
Q

What were critics of Empire criticising instead of Empire?

A

The apparent civilising mission of it

31
Q

What report removed Empire’s supposed civilising mission?

A

Emily Hobhouse’s report about conditions of British concentration camps

32
Q

Quote from Wilfred Blunt (critic of Empire)

A

“The white man’s burden, Lord, is the burden of his cash”

33
Q

What were most anti-imperialists shadowed by?

A

Imperial support

34
Q

Which culture emerged in Britain in the late 19th century?

A

Popular culture

35
Q

What did popular culture celebrate?

A

Britain’s imperial glory

36
Q

Factors for the emergence of popular enthusiasm for Empire (5)

A

Spread of education
Greater literacy rates
Emergence of mass politics (people interested in politics)
Organised entertainment
Spread of advertising aimed at mass markets

37
Q

Owner of Daily Mail and Daily Mirror

A

Alfred Harmsworth

38
Q

What were the Daily Mail and Mirror new forms of when they came out?

A

New forms of newspapers which were much easier to read and full of illustrations

39
Q

Between what years was the ‘golden age’ for newspaper publication?

A

Between 1890 and 1914

40
Q

What market were the new forms of newspapers aimed at? How did it reach them?

A

Lower-middle class markets
Sold at low prices

41
Q

When did the Daily Mail sell over 1 million copies in a single day?

A

During the Second Boer War

42
Q

During the Second Boer War, what did the Daisy Mail fill its pages with?

A

Stories of the war and criticisms for the Boers and Kruger whilst praising horoism of British troops

43
Q

During the early 1900s, who did the Mail focus their attention on? How were they portrayed?

A

The Germans, portraying them as a military threat to Empire

44
Q

Which poet and writer significantly shaped the attitudes of the British public towards Empire in years before 1914?

A

Rudyard Kipling

45
Q

Kipling’s views

A

Had a very religious belief in Empire and the superiority of the ‘British race!

46
Q

How did music increase support for Empire?

A

Nationalist and imperialist themes were found in music played in music halls, concert halls and churches

47
Q

What type of songs/marches did church choirs and local music groups perform?

A

Imperial ballads, patriotic hymns and military marches

48
Q

How were imperialist messages spread to the youth?

A

Through children’s books, youth organisations and schools

49
Q

What produced a new market for books and comics?

A

Increased literacy

50
Q

How did history and geography books used in state elementary schools increase support for Empire among the youth?

A

By emphasising glories of Empire and presenting explorers and missionaries as heroes

British Empire - 2. Imperial Consolidation and Liberal Rule 1890-1914 (14 decks)

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