1.4 - IP Configuration Flashcards
Explain Public IP vs. Private IP
Public IPs are licensed by IANA in three classes (A, B, C). Private IPs are non-routable IP’s that get subnetted to devices on a particular network.
What is the range of Class A subnets? How many networks do they provide? How many hosts per network?
Range is 0 through 126.255.255.255
Class A provides 126 networks
Class A provides 16,000,000 hosts per network
What is the range of Class B subnets? How many networks do they provide? How many hosts per network?
Range is 128.0.0.0 through 191.255.255.255
Class B provides 16,000 networks
Class B provides 65,000 hosts per network
What is the range of Class C subnets? How many networks do they provide? How many hosts per network?
Range is 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.255
Class C provides 2,000,000 networks
Class C provides 254 hosts per network
What is the range of Class D subnets?
224.0.0.0 through 239.255.255.255
What are the three non-routable IP address ranges?
- 0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
- 16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
- 168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
What is the purpose of IP 255.255.255.255?
This is a broadcast address. Only to be used when sending broadcasts.
What is the purpose of IP 0.0.0.0?
This IP is unassigned and therefore not in use.
What is the loopback address range?
127.0.0.1 through 127.255.255.254
What is the APIPA address range?
169.254.0.1 through 169.254.255.255
What is a default gateway?
A gateway performs the address translation required for your private network to communicate with the public network. Usually your router.
What is Virtual IP?
A single IP address given “virtually” to a cluster of servers to improve the load on the server network. Makes a bunch of servers look like one big, fast server.
What is a subnet mask?
An 32-bit address broken into two parts. The Network ID, and the Host ID.
What is classful subnetting?
The simplest form of subnetting, using whole octets to identify the network IDs. Broken down into classes A, B, C, D, and E.
How is class A subnetted? (Network/Host bits, Address?)
8 network bits, 24 host ID bits, 255.0.0.0
How is class B subnetted? (Network/Host bits, Address?)
16 network bits, 16 host ID bits, 255.255.0.0
How is class C subnetted? (Network/Host bits, Address?)
24 network bits, 8 host ID bits, 255.255.255.0
What is class D reserved for?
Multicast
What is class E reserved for?
Research
Explain CIDR (classless subnetting)
Classless Interdomain Routing. Allows the subnet mask to use bits from preceding octets to increase or decrease network or host bits, respectively.
How do you determine the “whack” or slash number for CIDR?
32, subtract number of borrowed.
How do you determine the number of hosts for CIDR?
2 to the power of # of borrowed
example: /25 = 128 hosts
What is VLSM?
Variable Length Subnet Mask. Allows you to subnet the subnet mask, per se.
What is DHCP? What does it do?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Provides configuration information to clients while preventing address duplication. It leases addresses to clients from a scope of available addresses.
