14. How The Gut Protects Itself Flashcards

1
Q

What are some things that are damaging to the gut?

A

Acid/pepsin
Ingested drugs
Refluxed bile
Smoking
Microorganisms
Ischaemia
Food allergens

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2
Q

What are some things that are protective in the gut?

A

Mucus/HCO3
Cell membrane
Cell migration and renewal
Mucosal blood flow
Prostaglandins
Immune system
Acid inhibition
Apoptosis

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3
Q

How does the stomach protect itself from acid and proteolytic breakdown?

A

Secretion of mucus that traps water and bicarbonate - diffusion barrier for acid
Physical barrier over proteolytic attack
Cell surface has a diff phospholipid bilayer
Tight junctions between cells - slows acid diffusion - if they do diffuse then blood takes it away to help antioxidant function

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