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IB Computer Science (SL) > 1.4 Data Loss > Flashcards

1.4 Data Loss Flashcards

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1
Q

Two areas where data loss can occur

A

hardware and software

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2
Q

factors affecting the cost of data loss

A

(1) how costly it will be to continue without the data
(2) how costly it will be to recreate the lost data (3) how costly it will be to notify users of data loss

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3
Q

causes of data loss (13)

A
  1. accidental deletion
  2. administrative errors
  3. poor data storage organization system (misplacement)
  4. building fires
  5. closing the program without saving the file
  6. computer viruses
  7. continued use after signs of failure
  8. data corruption
  9. firmware corruption
  10. natural disasters
  11. outsiders wanting to steal, alter or delete informatio
  12. physical damage of storage device
  13. power failure
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4
Q

most common causes of data loss (3)

A

accidental deletion, closing the program without saving the file, computer viruses

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5
Q

most rare causes of data loss (2)

A

building fires and natural disaster

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6
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: accidental deletion

A

use of file recovery software

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7
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: administrative errors

A

need for care

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8
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: poor data storage organization systems (misplacement)

A

restructure/improve the data organization

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9
Q

how is data lost due to a poor data storage organization system

A

data is misplaced and cannot be found

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10
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: building fires

A

storing data in different/multiple locations

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11
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: closing the program without saving the file

A
  1. need for care
  2. use of autosave features
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12
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: computer viruses

A
  1. need for antivirus software
  2. regular backups
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13
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: continued use after signs of failure

A
  1. need for self monitoring analysis and reporting technology (SMART)
  2. regular PC check-ups
  3. regular backups
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14
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: data corruption

A

regular backups

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15
Q

what is data corruption?

A

errors in computer data

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16
Q

what does SMART stand for?

A

self monitoring analysis and reporting technology

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17
Q

how does firmware corruption happen?

A

hard disk failure

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18
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: firmware corruption

A

regular backups

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19
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: natural disasters

A
  1. storing data in different/multiple locations
  2. regular backups
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20
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: outsiders’ malicious use of data

A
  1. regular backups
  2. use of firewall
  3. use of authentication methods
21
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: physical damage of storage device

A
  1. regular backups
  2. need for care
22
Q

solution to preventing data loss caused by: power failure

A
  1. use of UPS or backup battery
  2. regular backups
23
Q

what does UPS stand for?

A

uninterruptable power supply

24
Q

example of when data loss can have extreme consequences

A

medical records of a hospital patient being lost

25
Q

problems with data retrieval

A
  1. its time consuming
  2. its not always possible
26
Q

Methods to prevent data loss (7)

A
  1. regular backups
  2. firewall installation
  3. data storage in multiple/different locations (offsite storage)
  4. hard copies (printed versions of data)
  5. installation of an antivirus program
  6. human error reduction techniques and/or failsafe
  7. online autosave backup (iCloud, dropbox)
27
Q

Factors considered when backing up data

A
  • what you back up
  • how often you back it up
  • what you back it up to
  • where you keep the backups
28
Q

what did data used to be backed up to before the cloud?

A

tapedrives

29
Q

what is redundancy?

A

the duplication of storage devices and stored data of a computer system with the intention of securing the stored data

30
Q

what is redundancy a type of?

A
  • failsafe methods
  • data storage
  • back up methods
31
Q

what can storage devices used in redundancy do?

A

permanently store data

32
Q

why can storage devices used in redundancy permanently store data?

A

because they are non-volatile (remains after power turns off)

33
Q

what is a failover system?

A

a computer system which is on standby, capable of switching to a spare computer system upon hardware failure, network failure or any other type of error

34
Q

scenarios that can trigger a failover system

A
  • hardware failure
  • network failure
  • software malfunction
35
Q

difference between a failover system and a switchover system

A

failover: less/no human intervention needed - done automatically
switchover: needs human intervention - needs someone to initiate the process

36
Q

types of software development

A
  1. patches
  2. updates
  3. upgrades
  4. releases
37
Q

reasons why companies update/upgrade?

A
  • resolving security issues
  • releasing new features/functions
  • releasing the final working version of the software
38
Q

what are patches?

A

used by software companies to update application by fixing known bugs and vulnerabilities

39
Q

disadvantages of patches

A

may introduce new bugs as side effects

40
Q

what are upgrades

A

software development containing novel functionalities or characteristics and cumulative bug fixes

41
Q

how do customers implement upgrades?

A

they need to pay for it usually

42
Q

what are updates?

A

software development that improves a product in a minor way by adding new functionalities or fixing known bugs

43
Q

how do customers implement updates?

A

can be implemented for free (usually)

44
Q

how are users notified

A
  • email
    -pop-ups in software
45
Q

how do updates happen

A
  • automatically
  • on a reccommended basis
46
Q

what are releases?

A

final working versions of software applications

47
Q

what do releases consist of?

A

new or upgraded software applications

48
Q

what testing is done before releases?

A

beta and alpha

IB Computer Science (SL) (6 decks)

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