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VP > 14 - 2 > Flashcards

14 - 2 Flashcards

1
Q

responsible for gastric secretion loc on inner surface of —- in –

A

gastric pits in gastric mucosa

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2
Q

in body and fundus

A

oxyntic mucosa

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3
Q

sec a thin watery mucus

A

mucous cells

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4
Q

sec pepsinogen

A

chief cells

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5
Q

sec HCl and intrinsic factor

A

parietal cells

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6
Q

loc in antrum

A

pyloric gland area

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7
Q

endocrine g cells sec

A

gastric into blood

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8
Q

inactive until cleaned by HCl or pepsin to form pepsin

A

pepsinogen

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9
Q

dig prt in low ph envior

A

pepsin

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10
Q

phases of gastric secretion

A

cephalic phase
gastric phase
intestinal phase

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11
Q

cephalic phase

A

anticip sec of HCl and pepsinogen due to food-related stimuli

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12
Q

stim by acetylcholine and gastric

A

cephalic phase

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13
Q

stimuli acting in stomach distension caffeine alcohol

A

gastric phase

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14
Q

intestinal phase components

A

excitatory comp
inhibitory comp

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15
Q

excitatory comp

A

presence of prt fragments in duodenum

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16
Q

inhibitory com

A

same factors that inhibit gastric motility also inhib secre

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17
Q

continues due to swallowed salivary amylase

A

carbohydrate digestion

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18
Q

begins in antrum with action of HCl and pepsin

A

prt digestion

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19
Q

stomach lining sec

A

bicarbonate rich mucus

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20
Q

erosin of stomach wall

A

peptic ulcer

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21
Q

birds have — in place of stomachs

A

proventriculus and gizzard

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22
Q

proventriculus

A

glandular stomach

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23
Q

gizzard

A

muscular stomach

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24
Q

swallowed pebbles and abrasive lining made of

A

koilin

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25
Q

sec digestive enzymes and aqueous alkaline fluid

A

exocrine pancreas

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26
Q

sec proteolytic enzymes amylase chitinase and lipase

A

acinar cells

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27
Q

sec in inactive form

A

proteolytic enzymes

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28
Q

active forms of proteolytic enzymes

A

trypsin
chymotrypsin
carboxypeptidase

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29
Q

converts polysacc to disacc

A

pancreatic amylase

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30
Q

breaks down chitin

A

pancreatic chitinase

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31
Q

hydrolyzes triglycerides into monogly

A

pancreatic lipase

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32
Q

sec by pancreatic duct cells

A

sodium bicarbonate

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33
Q

released into blood in response to incr acid

A

secretin

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34
Q

rel into blood in response to fat or prt in duodenum

A

cholecystokinin

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35
Q

perform wide variety of metabolic and sec tasks

A

liver

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36
Q

functions of liver

A

secretion
metabolic processes
detox
synthesis

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37
Q

direct contact with venous blood coming from dig tract

A

hepatic portal system

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38
Q

liver sec – which stored in

A

bile stored in gallbladder

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39
Q

prev bile from entering duodenum

A

sphincter of oddi

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40
Q

bile salts recycled thr

A

enterohepatic circulation

41
Q

derived from cholesterol

A

bile salts

42
Q

forms around lipid molecules for dispersion

A

micelles

43
Q

made from heme portion of red blood cells

A

biliverdin

44
Q

biliverdin transformed into

A

bilirubin

45
Q

bilirubin can cause

A

jaundice

46
Q

made of mucous membrane, lamina propria, muscularis mucosa

A

mucosa

47
Q

thick layer of connective tissue

A

submucosa

48
Q

two layers of smooth muscle inner circular layer na d long layer

A

muscularic external

49
Q

outer connective tissue layer

A

serosa

50
Q

finger like projections

A

villi

51
Q

each villus contains — and terminal lymphatic vessel –

A

capillary network and central lacteal

52
Q

smaller proj

A

microvilli

53
Q

small intestines div into

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

54
Q

segmentation mixes and propels

A

chyme

55
Q

chyme moved by

A

basic electrical rhythm

56
Q

segm replaced by after abs

A

migrating motility complex

57
Q

prev contaminated of small intestine by bacteria

A

ileocecal valve and ileocecal sphincter

58
Q

juncture btw ileum and large intestine

A

ileocecal valve

59
Q

smooth muscle

A

ileocecal sphincter

60
Q

SI glucose and galactose abs by

A

secondary active transport

61
Q

AA absorbed by

A

secondary active transport

62
Q

fats reassembles into

A

triglyc

63
Q

contains trigly

A

chylomicrons

64
Q

chylomicrons extracted by — picked up by —

A

exocytosis
lacteal

65
Q

hindgut consists of

A

color
cecum
rectum
cloaca

66
Q

stores lymphocytes and no dig funct

A

vermiform appendix

67
Q

color regions

A

ascending
trasnverse
descending

68
Q

funct of color is

A

storage fo fecal material

69
Q

propel contents of colon towards rectum

A

peristaltic contraction s

70
Q

contractions fill the cecum

A

antiperistaltic

71
Q

impedes flow of materials

A

haustral contractions

72
Q

colonic contents moved into distal portion of intestines

A

gastrocolic reflex

73
Q

distension of rectum stim — in rectal wall initiating a —

A

stretch receptors
defecation reflex

74
Q

relaxes and rectum contracts

A

internal anal sphincter

75
Q

defecation occurs when

A

external anal sphincter is vol relaxed

76
Q

undigested food
salt
water
bacteria

A

poop

77
Q

ruminants stomachs can break down

A

cellulose

78
Q

stomach of truw ruminants have — compartments

A

4

79
Q

llamas and camels (pseudoruminants) have — stomachs

A

3 compartment

80
Q

involved in storage and passage of ingested foor

A

forestomach

81
Q

rumen

A

anaerobic fermentation of plant mat
abs of nutr
divided into compart by pillars
finger like papillae

82
Q

reticulum funct

A

same as rumen

83
Q

channel for passage of ingesta

A

omasum

84
Q

resembles stomach of monogastric verteb

A

abomasum

85
Q

propels semi liquid digesta into esophagus

A

contraction of reticulum

86
Q

digesta moves into esophagus and into mouth by

A

reverse peristalsis

87
Q

prolonges chewing

A

remastication

88
Q

food is reswallowed

A

redeglutination

89
Q

imp process to occur in rumen

A

fermentation

90
Q

used to digest structure complex polysacc

A

cellulase

91
Q

produces volatile fatty acids

A

microbial fermentation

92
Q

stimulates sec of gastric juices and enhanced motility in areas

A

gastrin

93
Q

acts by several mech to reduce acidity in duodenum

A

secretin

94
Q

inhibits gastric motility and sec

A

cholecystokinin

95
Q

stimulates insulin rel in duodenum

A

GIP

96
Q

SI
stim motility in stomach and SI

A

motilin

97
Q

stomach
stim growth horm rel and inc appetit

A

ghrelin

98
Q

Stomach SI and salivary
decr appetite

A

obestatin

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