Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

APES > 14 + 15 Test Flashcards > Flashcards

14 + 15 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Which elements are found in the inner and outer core of the earth’s interior?

A

Dense elements; Iron and Nickel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What elements are found in the outer regions of the earth?

A

Lighter, less dense materials; Silicon, Oxygen, and Nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happened at Pompeii?

A

Volcano (Mt Vesuvius) destroyed multiple Roman cities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How did people likely die in Pompeii

A

The toxic (sulfur) gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Epicenter

A

The exact point on surface of the earth that’s directly above where the rock ruptures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hypocenter

A

Where the rock ruptures, the “focus” of an earthquake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do the numbers on the Richter Scale represent?

A

Measures energy (by factor of 10) during an earthquake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Elements in the Oceanic crust

A

Dense elements; Fe, Mg, Ca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Elements in continental crust

A

Silicon, aluminum, K, Ca; less dense (granite)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nonrenewable resources

A

Fossil fuels (coal, oil)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Metallic minerals

A

Copper, iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Potential problems with open pit mining

A

Toxic groundwater accumulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Material that is removed from a mine

A

spoils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Results of mountaintop removal

A

Spoils dumped to streams and valleys below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Most dangerous mining process for workers

A

Subsurface mining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What will lengthen the amount of time a renewable resource will last?

A

Reducing, recycling, reusing; increase reserves instead of taking from it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does SMCRA stand for

A

Surface Mining Control Reclamation Act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does SMCRA do?

A

Makes sure mining activities aren’t harming the environment (posts bond, which puts money aside for reclamation upfront)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do you remove Acid Sulfates and heavy metals from leachate

A

Sulfate reducing bacteria to remove sulfate + acids from leachate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How to lessen impact of mining industry

A

Mimic how nature deals with waste, resource exchange webs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a problem concerning the Colorado River

A

So many withdrawals that it rarely reaches the ocean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Largest use of water in the US

A

Irrigation/Agriculture (70%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How much water do the US industries use?

A

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How much water do residents use in the US?

A

10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Is Michigan a high precipitation area
No
26
Where might people experience water shortages
Areas not near rivers/the sea/water shortages
27
Advantages of riparian lands along rivers
Increased biodiversity, storm water retention, absorbing nonpoint source pollution
28
Ogallala aquifer
The world’s largest aquifer
29
Why is the Ogallala aquifer important?
Massive, old, considered nonrenewable because of its low recharge rate
30
How does an artesian well form
Well is below water level, taps into pressurized water, functions like a spring
31
Confined well
Water pressure creates a static water level much higher than well depth (artesian wells)
32
Unconfined well
Water present w/o clay layer above it, none/little pressure
33
How does a sinkhole form?
Underground cavern roof collapses after being drained of groundwater
34
How efficient is Furrow Irrigation
65%
35
How efficient is flood irrigation
70-80%
36
How efficient is spray irrigation
75-95%
37
How efficient is drip irrigation
95%<
38
What is furrow irrigation
“Peaks and valleys” w/water in between
39
What is flood irrigation
Water soaks evenly
40
What is spray irrigation
Water sprayed onto crops
41
Drip irrigation
Water goes where it needs to
42
Levee
Holds back water during **High precipitation,** seasonal
43
Dike
Permanently holds back water and **keeps locations below the sea level from flooding**
44
Dam
Blocks a river (buildup on rear), makes a reservoir or hydroelectricity
45
Aqueduct
Artificial transport channel that transports water hundreds of miles away
46
How much of the wetlands of the aral sea have been removed
85%
47
How has the salinity of the Aral Sea changed?
It has tripled in salinity
48
Distillation
Heat salt water til it evaporates, leads behind solid water
49
Reverse osmosis
High pressure, forces saltwater thru membrane filter
50
What are the 3 largest uses of water in the house
Toilet, bathing, laundry
51
How can we cut back on water usage?
Cut back on waste, use nutrients in wastewater as soil fertilizer, use composting toilets that convert human fecal matter to soil material
52
How many coal fired power plants does the 3 Gorges Dam replace?
5
53
How much stronger is an earthquake that registers a 5 on the Richter Scale as opposed to 2?
1000
54
The majority of earth's rock is
igneous
55
What is the most common element found in the earth's crust?
Oxygen
56
What element is found in pyrite that contributes to acid mine drainage?
Sulfur
57
Why must mining companies post bond prior to permitting?
To restore land area to some acceptable condition
58
How are bacteria being used in treating effluent from mines?
To reduce sulfur
59
What is a problem of acid mine drainage in rivers and soils?
Leaching of nutrients from soils
60
What do tectonic plates move on?
Convection currents
61
Why is gold smelting so damaging?
Cyanide compounds used in process
62
How are artesian wells formed?
By a confined aquifer
63
Where is dammed water colder than the river it flows into?
The bottom
64
What is one of the problems of uncontained aqueducts?
Evaporation
65
What is the largest use of industrial water?
Cooling power plants
66
Underground sand and gravel formations that can store water?
Aquifer
67
What type of water test measures acidity?
pH
68
Which type of water test for cloudiness from suspended solids?
Turbidity
69
What water test measures the amount of calcium and magnesium?
Hardness
70
What are the problems of coal power plants?
CO2 output, Thermal Pollution, and Hg output
71
What are the advantages of Riparian lands?
increased biodiversity, storm water retention, absorbing non source point pollution
72
What type of water would be the warmest and have the least amount of dissolved oxygen?
Slow moving without plants
73
The zone of aeration is found...
Above the water table and not saturated
74
Asthenosphere
Outer part of the mantle; semi-molten rock
75
Lithosphere
Outermost layer of the planet; 100 km thick
76
The San Andreas fault is an example of a...
Transform fault
77
Intrusive rock
Forms within the earth
78
Extrusive
Forms when a rock cools above the earth
79
spoil banks
highly erodible hills left behind by area strip mining
80
highwall
wall of dirt left in front of a highly erodible bank
81
How is metal ore smelted?
Metals are treated with potentially toxic chemicals
82
What is produced when acid strips metals?
Acid drainage
83
What are precious metals leached with?
cyanide
84
How deep are the deepest mines?
3.5 km
85
How much of water is not returned to the original source?
70%
86
How many of the world's population live in river basins?
41%
87
What is Ogallala used for?
irrigation (20%) and farming (40%)
88
Advantages of Dams
cheap electricity, reduces downstream flooding, year round water for surrounding crops
89
Disadvantages of Dams
disrupts aquatic systems, displaces people
90
Advantages of transferring water
promotes investment, jobs, strong economy
91
Disadvantages of transferring water
encourages unsustainable use of water in areas it's not naturally supplied
92
How can we save waste?
Mimic the way nature does

APES (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions