Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathoma 13. Female Genital System and Gestational Pathology > 13.7 Gestational Pathology > Flashcards

13.7 Gestational Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the MC site of ectopic pregnancy

A

fallopian tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is key risk factor for ectopic pregnancy?

A

scarring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What 2 conditions usually lead to scarring that causes ectopic pregnancy

A

pelvic inflammatory disease

endometriosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is pain of ectopic pregnancy usually present

A

lower quadrant abdominal pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

two major complications of ectopic pregnancy

A

hematosalpinx- bleeding into fallopian tube

rupture of “ “

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

define spontaneous abortion

A

miscarriage before 20 weeks(1st trimester)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

frequency of spontaneous abortion

A

1/4 pregnancies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MC cause of spontaneous abortion

A

chromosomal abnormalities (trisomy 16 usually)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

3 causes of spontaneous abortion other than chromosomal abnormality

A

hypercoagulable states (SLE)
congenital infection
teratogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

effect of teratogen exposure in first 2 weeks

A

spontaneous abortion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

effect of teratogen exposure weeks 3-8

A

organ malfunciton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

effect of teratogen exposure months 3-9

A

organ hypoplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define placenta previa`

A

placenta covers cervical os

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

placenta previa` presents as what, when?

A

3rd trimester bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

tx for placenta previa`

A

C-section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

define placental abruption

A

separation of placenta from decidua prior to delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is placental abruption a comon cause of

A

still birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

placental abruption presents with what 2, when?

A 
fetal insufficiency (no oxygen to fetus)
bleeding in 3rd trimester
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

define placenta accreta

A

improper implantation of placenta into myometrium (with little or no decidua)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how does placenta accreta present (2)

A

delivery of placenta

postpartum bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

tx for placenta accreta?

A

often requires hysterectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

cocaine leads to what 2 fetal effects

A

intrauterine growth retardation, placental abruption (dt vasoconstriction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Alcohol leads to what 3 fetal effects

A

mental retardation
microcephaly
facial abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Thalidomide leads to whatfetal effect

A

limb defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Cigarette smoke leads to what fetal effect

A

intrauterine growth retardation

26
Q

Isotretinoin leads to what 3 fetal effects

A

spontaneous abortion, hearing and visual impairment

27
Q

tetracycline leads to what fetal effect

A

discolored teeth

28
Q

Phenytoin leads to what 2 fetal effects

A

digit hypoplasia, cleft lip/palate

29
Q

define preeclampsia (3 things)

A

pregnancy induced HTN with proteinuria and edema

30
Q

when does preeclampsia arise (during pregnancy- duh)

A

3rd trimester

31
Q

What presentaitons may be assc with HTN in preeclampsia (2)```

A

headaches, visual disturbances

32
Q

What is the cause of preeclampsia

A

abnormality of maternal-fetal vascular interface

33
Q

define eclampsia

A

preeclampsia with seizures

34
Q

What organ does HELLP involve

A

liver

35
Q

define HELLP

A

preeclampsia with thrombotic microangiopathy involving liver

36
Q

what does HELLP stand for

A

Hemolysis
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelets

37
Q

what is tz for both HELLP and preeclampsia

A

immediate delivery

38
Q

SID occurs between what ages

A

1 mo-1 year

39
Q

SID occurs when

A

while baby is sleeping

40
Q

risk factors for SID (3)

A

second-hand cigarette smoke
sleeping on stomach
prematurity

41
Q

a hytadidiform mole is a prliferation of what cells?

A

trophoblasts

42
Q

hytadidiform mole is chcized by swollen and edematous what?

A

villi

43
Q

What two things are larger/elevated in hytadidiform mole

A

uterus is larger than expected for preganacy

B-hCG is highly elevated

44
Q

hytadidiform mole classicaly presents when, how? (in cases of no prenatal care)

A

2nd trimester - passage of grape-like mass

45
Q

how does hytadidiform mole present in cases of prenatal care (when, how)

A

1st trimester

US shows “snowstorm appearance”

46
Q

what is tx for hytadidiform mole

A

curretage (D&C)

47
Q

what do you monitor after curretage in hytadidiform mole

A

B-hCG

48
Q

What is elevated B-hCG after a hytadidiform mole removal evidence of? (lethal complication)

A

choriocarinoma

49
Q

How can choriocarinoma arise (2 ways)

A

gestation-

germ cell tumor

50
Q

when choriocarinoma arises from gestation, what are 3 possible outcomes?

A

spontaneous abortion
normal pregnancy
hytadidiform mole

51
Q

Which of the two causes of choriocarcinoma responds well to chemotherapy

A

gestation cause- responds well

germ cell- does not respond well

52
Q

two classifications of hytadidiform mole

A

complete

partial

53
Q

What class of hytadidiform mole shows 3 chromosomes

A

partial

54
Q

regarding gestation: paternal and maternal genes control what aspect? (between fetus and placenta)

A

paternal - placenta

maternal - fetus

55
Q

hytadidiform mole is a consequence of excess of whose genes

A

father

56
Q

an empty ovum fertilized by 2 sperm is what class of hytadidiform mole

A

complete

57
Q

fetal tissue is absent in what type os hytadidiform mole

A

complete

58
Q

when only some vili are hydropic what class of hytadidiform mole is it?

A

partial

59
Q

diffuse, circumfereantial proliferation of trophoblasts is seen in what class of hytadidiform mole

A

complete

60
Q

which class of hytadidiform mole has increased risk for choriocarcinoma

A

complete

61
Q

blood on the maternal surface of a placenta is found in what

A

placental abruption

Pathoma 13. Female Genital System and Gestational Pathology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions