1.3 The failure to compromise, 1640-49 Flashcards
Why did the civil wae begin in 1642?
- Est of long P
- Impeachent of unpopular minister, arrest of strafford and Laud. Execution of strafford.
- Attempts to limit Charles I’s power, abolisition of Prerogative courts. 10 Proposition
- Evidence of division within P e.g over reilgion and roole of bishops, over kings power
- Evets in Ireland; rumours of assacres by catholics, fears an irish army
- Parliament action : Gran remnstrance, militia bill, 19 proposition
- Charles I actions : attempted arrest of 5 MPs, royal fam leave london, king raises standard at Notts declar war.
when did long P assemble? what did it agree on? what did it disagree?
1640 = seized opp for shared hostility C actions/ personal rule.
Agreed to abolish ship money and Triennial act passed
However, they began to divide about tax, ministers impeachment and monarchs power.
The impeachment of Laud and Strafford
- arrested Nov 1640 and impeached
- Pym’s Junto led the opposition to remove the King’s “evil counsellors”
The Act of Attainder
- an act declaring someone guilty of a crime and punishing them, often without trial
- angry mob surrounded parliament after the act was passed; Charles had to sign death warrant = SHOWS P+ a = unwilling to end political instability = radical
The First Army Plot
to secure the passage of the Act of Attainder, Pym revealed a plot by Catholic army officers to release Strafford and dissolve Parliament
When was Laud executed and what happened to over half of C privy council
1645
By may 1641 over half of charles privy councillors = imprisoned/exiled.
P forbid the rising of what?
june 1641 - abolitioned tonnage + poundage without P consent + ship money = majority of P agreed
What two acts passed to limit monarchs Power
1641
Militia Bill - P control army that was used crush Irish Rebellion 1641 = direct threat to royal prerogative
Charles says he is going to scots - peace settlement = some feared of a plot by c v p
= Before he left he was presented with Ten Prosition = Extend power p power
1, Measures to protect themselves from royal vengence 2) Aprrove kings advisors = designed to limit kings powers. Charles was like fuck nah i aint signing that aswell.
Division within Long P was about what 2 petitions?
A) Root and Branch petition - abolish Bishops. it was by Pym = some saw this as threat ti law + order.
B) Grand Remonstrance (list of C shitty actions would mean he wouldnt be trusted with armed forces) - P control K ministers - Reform church = end bshop (needed to pass grand Remonstrance so militia act will be passed) == Passed narrowly 11 votes = charles was like fuck nah i aint signing this
An Act against Dissolving the Long Parliament without its own Consent 1641
- made illegal for Charles to dissolve Parliament without MP’s permission
- Pym secured the act without consent
why did Charles arrest to the 5 MPs was the final straw for the parliamentary opposition?
Charles attempt to arrest 5 MPs and backed by 300 soldiers = entering house of commons - seen as open attack of P rights = king could nnot be trust = determined to restore pwr by force = Charles leaves London like a pussio
The Nineteen Propositions
1642,
- Control edu of kings kiddos
- Militia controlled by P
- Reform the church = too fucking radical/severe for Charles = shows P doesn’t want negotiation = not compromise left at this point.
1642 AUGUST???
CHARLES RAISES HIS STANDARD = RISKED EXTREME POLITICAL INSTABILITY.
