1.3 Specialised Cells Flashcards
Why would a cell need many ribosomes? Name 1 example.
It is making a lot of protein, ex gland cells which produce enzymes
Why would a cell need a tail? Name an example
In order to move, ex sperm cells
What type of cells have special structures which enables them to detect stimuli?
Receptor cells, ex the cone cells in the eye
What cells are specialised to carry impulses from receptors to the CNS?
Neurones
Plant cells with many chloroplasts will be photosynthesising, give an example?
Mesophyll cells on a leaf
What adaptations do root hair cells have in order to absorb water and mineral ions more efficiently?
Larger surface area
Name the 3 main adaptations in fact cells.
- small cytoplasm amounts but big fat stores
- few mitochondria as they need little energy
- can expand with fat to 1000x its size
Name the 3 main adaptations in cone cells.
- outer segments visual pigment changes chemically in coloured light, needs energy to change back
- mitochondria releases energy to change the pigments, let’s you always see in colour
- synapse connects to the optic nerve so when coloured light changes the pigment an impulse is sent, travelling through the optic nerve and the synapse to the brain
What is the purpose of root hair cells?
Take up water and mineral ions into the plant roots, it’s large surface area facilitates water transfer and the vacuole stores water using osmosis
What 4 organelles do root hair cells have?
- nucleus
- root hair
- large permanent vacuole
- tail
What happens to guard cells when they are full of water?
They swell up
What happens to guard cells when they are lacking water?
They shrink up
What is the purpose of guard cells?
Found in plants on leaf bottoms, let’s gas in and out, regulates water intake and outtake
What 5 organelles are found in guard cells?
- chloroplasts
- cell wall
- stoma
- nucleus
- vacuole
Why would a cell need many mitochondria? Name 2 examples
Because they need a lot of energy in order to do its function, ex muscle cells or sperm cells
