13 - Social Policy Flashcards
social policy
concerned with how societies meet human needs (security, education, work, health, and wellbeing)
from a public health perspective, the divide between social policy and health policy is
fuzzy, they are more similar to one another
social policy from a public health perspective is considered with
providing services and support across the life span (from childhood to old age)
federal government responsibilities
mail, EI, passports and airports (international travel), military, income tax, student loans and child benefits
provincial government responsibilities
health care and social services
schools and post-secondary
highways
justice system
municipal government responsibilities
utilities and garbage
transit
leisure centres
fire and police
roads and bridge maintenance
parks
snow removal
parking
______ elections are the most influential for most aspects of a persons life
provincial
three instruments that governments can use
Regulatory (stick) - Instruments that oblige those governed to conform. The “hardest” of instruments - highest coercion. For example, making a new law
Economic (carrot): make complying with certain actions more easier or more difficult through financial or fiscal instruments. For example, fines, fees, subsidies.
Soft (sermon): do not really force anyone to do anything, but can persuade or nudge people towards certain behaviours. For example, recommendations or voluntary agreement
true or false - education interventions positively impact health
true - early life and education interventions cause positive health effects for a broad range of health outcomes
_____ programs cause the greatest increase in population health
income support and health insurance programs
class example of regulatory social policy
mandatory school attendance in education act - a legal rule that stipulates children between 7-16 are required to attend school. Legal requirement on the parents to send children to school, as well as on the province to provide accessible schooling coverage province-wide.
class example of economic social policy
$10 a day child care: prior to 2021 childcare for working parents caused about $800-$1000 per month per child. The federal government now provides money to the provinces to subsidize user costs for the parent for children under six.
reduce the fees parents pay significantly - up to 50% by the end of 2022 and further to only $10 by the end of the fiscal year 2025-2026
indirect benefits of the $10 day childcare
also increased jobs and female labour force participation. caused GDP growth, countered inflation, benefited government through increased taxation
problem with the $10 a day child care
not equitable - not enough spaces for the number of children in need
some neighbourhoods, communities, or whole towns have poor access to childcare - daycare deserts - 92% of younger children live in daycare deserts
soft policy class example
truth and reconciliation commission and education - mandate to inform all Canadians about what happened in residential schools and to document the experiences of survivors
94 calls to action
actionable policy recommendations meant to aid the healing process - they are more of a campaign they do no actually force anyone to do anything
two categories of action for the 94 calls to action
legacy - publicly acknowledge the effects of residential schools on child welfare, education, language and culture etc
reconciliation - dismantle systemic racism
what is “The New Deal”
franklin roosevelt - institute large reform to social policy to cause a MASSIVE increase in government intervention within the market economy to pull the US out of the Great Depression
- set minimum wage, national pension system, maximum hours, supervision of loans and housing
Targeted Universalism
Universal goals with targeted strategies - different groups have different needs to meet the same goals
ensures structural equity - more politically durable
universal strategies
serve everyone equally. for example, universal healthcare or public education.
targeted strategies
focus on specific groups in need - for example food assistance. more efficient but may face political resistance.
Targeted universalism in action
set a universal goal
identify group specific barriers
design targeted interventions to bridge gaps
