13: nixon - modern era

Question 1

District of Columbia v. Heller

Answer 1

Supreme Court case that stated that all Americans had the right to own a firearm outside of the military for lawful purposes, including self-defense; ruled a law on gun restrictions in DC unconstitutional

Question 2

Iran-Contra affair

Answer 2

The US sold weapons (illegally) to Iran (at war against Iraq) and used the profits to fund the Contras in Nicaragua, a pro-US group attempting to overthrow the communist Sandinista government

Question 3

Beirut bombing

Answer 3

After the US had been sent to Lebanon as a peacekeeping force between Syria, the Palestinian Liberation Organization, and Israel, US military barracks had been bombed by a Lebanese, Shia group because they were perceived as a threat / enemy

Question 4

Persian Gulf War

Answer 4

Conflict in which the US (with other countries) fought Iraq (led by Saddam Hussein) because they had invaded Kuwait for oil

Question 5

START I/START II

Answer 5

Two peace treaties between the US and USSR (HW Bush and Gorbachev) that limited their long-range nuclear weapons

Question 6

Iraq War

Answer 6

War that began in response to the US government invading Iraq to search for “weapons of mass destructions” and overthrowing Saddam Hussein (didn’t find any WMDs)

Question 7

Kyoto Accord

Answer 7

International agreement for countries to limit carbon dioxide / greenhouse gas emissions; the US did not participate

Question 8

Arab Spring

Answer 8

Series of protests beginning in 2010 against Middle Eastern and North African governments due to corruption, desire for reform/democracy, presence of extreme poverty, and more

Question 9

Citizens United v. FEC

Answer 9

Supreme Court case that ruled that corporations could spend money on election campaigns (with some restrictions)

Question 10

Presidents

Answer 10

1969-1974: Nixon
1974-1977: Ford
1977-1981: Carter
1981-1989: Reagan
1989-1993: HW Bush
1993-2001: Clinton
2001-2009: W Bush
2009-2017: Obama

Question 11

Nixon events

Answer 11

• Republican
• Watergate
• EPA
• Clean Air & Water Acts
• Endangered Species Act
• 3 mi island
• OPEC oil embargo
• Stagflation
• Labor union action decreases

Question 12

Ford events

Answer 12

• Republican
• Pardon of Nixon
• Whip Inflation Now campaign
• Tax cuts to greatly reduce inflation by the end of his term

Question 13

Carter events

Answer 13

Democrat
- Malaise speech
- Iranian hostage crisis
- Economic decline
- Attempts to lower deficit

Question 14

Reagan domestic/foreign pol

Answer 14

Republican
- Reaganomics / supply-side
- Cut welfare programs
- Lowered taxes
- More conservative justices
- Moral majority
- Deregulation
- Middle class stagnates
- Military spending
- Deficit triples
- SDI
- Summits with Gorbachev
- INF Agreement
- Iran-Contra Affair

Question 15

HW Bush (foreign pol)

Answer 15

Republican
- Cold War ends
- Persian Gulf War (invasion of Kuwait)
- Boris Yeltsin takes over
- START 1 & 2
- Bosnia and Kosovo peacekeeping
- New World Order
- Manuel Noriega (Panama drug smuggling to the US)

Question 16

HW Bush (domestic pol)

Answer 16

• No new taxes
• $133B in new taxes
• ADA
• Economic problems
• Reagan Revolution over

Question 17

Clinton events (domestic & foreign)

Answer 17

Democrat
- Anti-Crime Bill
- Revolution of 94
- Internet and e-commerce
- Balanced budget
- Budget surplus
- Tax cuts and expansion of Social Security
- Whitewater
- Booming housing market (2002-07)
- Middle class quality of life rises

Foreign:
- NAFTA
- Peacekeeping in Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq/Kuwait

Question 18

Immigration Act of 1965

Answer 18

Removed immigration quotas

Question 19

W Bush events

Answer 19

• Bush v. Gore
• USS Cole
• US overthrow of Taliban in Afghanistan
• 9/11
• Dept. Homeland Security
• USA Patriot Act
• Iraq War (WMDs)
• Tax cuts -> deficit increases
• Great Recession begins
• TARP
• $170B stimulus pckage

Question 20

Bush Doctrine

Answer 20

Justified Iraq War; claimed that containment no longer worked, and the US had to act early and decisively to combat terrorism

Question 21

Obama events

Answer 21

• $700B stimulus package in response to Great Recession
• Bails out companies like GM / Chrysler
• Paris Agreement
• Deficit decreases
• Citizens United
• Obamacare

Question 22

Operation Desert Storm

Answer 22

US operation to remove Iraqi troops from Kuwait (which they had invaded) during the Persian Gulf War and prevent Iraq from becoming a superpower

Question 23

Operation Iraqi Freedom

Answer 23

US operation to find WMDs in Iraq and dispose of Saddam Hussein