12: red scare, conformity, civil rights Flashcards

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1
Q

Taft Hartley Act

A

Decreased union power (seen as somewhat communist) by outlawing the closed shop; passed over Truman’s veto “slave labor bill”

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2
Q

Dixiecrats

A

Split in the Democratic Party after Truman’s first term - Dixiecrats were Southern-based and opposed racial integration and federal expansion of powers

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3
Q

Fair Deal

A

Truman’s plan for welfare institutions such as universal healthcare and minimum wage, as well as civil rights legislation

Only changes that the Republican- dominated Congress passed were raising the minimum wage and expanding Social Security

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4
Q

New Federalism

A

Nixon’s plan to distribute federal money to states for them to resolve internal issues and decrease the federal government’s power

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5
Q

WIN (Whip Inflation Now)

A

Ford’s plan for economic recovery by urging individuals and corporations to voluntarily make responsible economic decisions and not raise wages / prices, wearing “WIN” buttons

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6
Q

Suez Crisis

A

Egypt invaded the British-controlled Suez Canal in an attempt to nationalize it, and Britain, France, and Israel attempted to regain control of it (without US knowledge). The US was furious that they hadn’t been consulted about retaliation against Egypt and ordered Britain, France, and Israel to leave the Suez or the US would embargo them

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7
Q

Yom Kippur War

A

Syrian and Egypt launched a surprise attack on Israel on the Jewish religious day Yom Kippur to try and reclaim the territory they (Syria and Egypt) had lost in the Six-Day War; US supported Israel, leading the OPEC to embargo the US

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8
Q

Camp David Accords

A

Carter helped negotiate peace agreements between Egypt and Israel following the Yom Kippur War and Suez Crisis

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9
Q

Iran Hostage Crisis

A

The US overthrew the Iranian government to replace the leader with a more favorable one (to US interests), but Iranian fundamentalists took control and held several US Embassy members hostage

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10
Q

Carter’s human rights policy

A

Carter championed civil rights at home and refused to trade with / provide aid to countries violating human rights, such as Argentina and Chile

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11
Q

968 Election

A

Robert F. Kennedy was assassinated upon entering the campaign, the Democratic convention saw anti-Vietnam riots and was divided between different candidates, and Nixon ended up winning the election (campaigned for “law and order”)

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12
Q

Kent State massacre

A

National Guardsmen opened fire on Kent State students protesting the Vietnam War, killing several students

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13
Q

Pentagon Papers

A

Leaked government papers that documented the failures of the Vietnam War and that the government had been sending US troops to Vietnam for longer than they had told the American people they had

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14
Q

1964 Civil Rights Act

A

Prohibited segregation in all facilities, as well as discrimination based on sex and religion

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15
Q

Race riots

A

Riots in the 60s-70s in large cities like Detroit and Atlanta, primarily due to police brutality toward Black Americans

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16
Q

Title IX

A

Extension of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by stating that sex discrimination could not take place in educational settings, especially in athletic programs

17
Q

Miranda v. Arizona

A

Supreme Court case that stated that the police must inform all suspects / convicted people of their right to remain silent

18
Q

Engel v. Vitale

A

Case that declared that school systems could not force students to take part in compulsory prayer or other religious activities

19
Q

counterculture

A

The 1960s/70s counterculture opposed conformity and included “hippies,” rock-and-roll, recreational drug use, casual sex, and more

20
Q

Truman Administration

A
  • McCarran Internal Security
  • HUAC
  • Hiss and Rosenbergs
  • McCarthyism
  • Republican Congress
  • Taft-Hartley Act
  • Fair Deal (mostly failure)
  • Brown v Board
21
Q

Eisenhower

A
  • Modern Republicanism
  • 1956 Highway Act
  • Continues New Deal programs
  • Suez Crisis
  • Covert action
  • Eisenhower Doctrine
  • Domino Theory
  • Vietnam War begins
22
Q

JFK domestic policies

A
  • “New Frontier” - similar to Fair Deal / Great Society
  • Unsuccessful due to his short presidency
  • Peace Corps
23
Q

Nixon domestic policies

A
  • New Federalism
  • Wage and price freezes
24
Q

Ford and Carter economic policies

A
  • Ford urges businesses to voluntarily not raise wages or prices (unsuccessful)
  • Carter increases interest rates on loans (inflation decreases, unemployment rises)
25
Q

Eisenhower Doctrine

A

The US will give military and economic aid to any ME country threatened by communism

26
Q

Carter presidency events

A
  • Camp David Accords
  • Iran Hostage Crisis
27
Q

Johnson Pres. events

A
  • Escalates Vietnam War
  • Tet offensive
  • ## Vietnam Peace Talks
28
Q

Nixon foreign pol

A
  • Vietnamization
  • Pentagon Papers