1.3 Membrane structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What does hydrophilic mean?

A

A substance attracted to water

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2
Q

What does hydrophobic mean?

A

A substance not attracted to water

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3
Q

What does amphipatic mean?

A

A substance that is partially hydrophilic and partially hydrophobic

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4
Q

Why are phospholipids amphipatic?

A

They consist of a hydrophilic phosphate head and two hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails

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5
Q

Why are phospholipids arragned in a bilayer

A

Because they are amphipatic. The heads are attracted to water whereas the hydrocarbon chains are attracted to eachother

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6
Q

Draw a phospholipid

A

Look up picture to compare

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7
Q

Draw the phospholipid bilayer

A

Look up picture to compare

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8
Q

Davson-Danielli model

A

Their “sandwich” model believed that all membrane proteins were on the outside of the membrane. Due to advancments in biochemical techniques it was, however, discovered that some membrane proteins are hydrophobic, which falsified the Davson-Danielli model

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9
Q

The fluid mosaic model

A

The model was proposed by Singer and Nicolson. It states that proteins are both on the surface of the membrane but also embedded in the membrane.

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10
Q

What are peripheral membrane proteins?

A

Proteins that are on the membrane surface. They can be attached to integral proteins or have a hydrocarbon chain inserted into the membrane

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11
Q

What are integral proteins?

A

Proteins that are embedded in the membrane. Many are transmembrane meaning that the extend across the membrane. These proteins have hydrophilic parts projecting through the regions with phosphate heads.

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12
Q

Explain cholesterol in the cell membrane

A

Cholesterol is present in the cell membranes of animal cells. They have a hydrophobic part and a hydrophilic part, and for this reason it is located between phospholipids in the membrane. Cholesterol can help the membrane to curve into a concave shape, which helps with the formation of vessicles

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13
Q

Draw the cell membrane/fluid mosaic model

A

Look up picture to compare

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