1.3 circulatory system Flashcards
1
Q
components of blood
A
- plasma
- red blood cells
- white blood cells
- platelets
2
Q
function of plasma
A
- allow substances to dissolve
- and be transported easily
(eg rbc, wbc, platelets, hormones, nutrients, etc)
3
Q
function of red blood cells
A
- contain haemoglobin, reacts with o2 from lungs to form oxyhaemoglobin
- transport o2 to working muscles
- transport co2 back to lungs
4
Q
function of white blood cells
A
- defend body against pathogens
- by engulfing or antibody production
5
Q
function of platelets
A
- cause blood to clot
- when blood vessels damaged/exposed to air
6
Q
basic structure of arteries
A
- thick, muscular walls
- narrow lumen
7
Q
basic structure of veins
A
- thin walls
- wide lumen
- valves
8
Q
basic structure of capillaries
A
- thin walls (one cell thick)
- tiny lumen
9
Q
function of arteries
A
- transport blood away from heart
- under high pressure
10
Q
function of veins
A
- carry blood back to heart under lower pressure
11
Q
function of capillaries
A
- allow nutrient/gas exchange
12
Q
A
13
Q
function of atria
A
- receive blood
- pump to ventricle
14
Q
function of ventricles
A
- receive blood
- pump to lung/body
15
Q
function of valves
A
prevent backflow
16
Q
pathway of blood thru heart
A
- vena cava
- right atrium
- right ventricle
- pulmonary artery
- lungs
- pulmonary vein
- left atrium
- left ventricle
- aorta
17
Q
define heart rate
A
- number of contractions of ventricles per minute
18
Q
define stroke volume
A
- volume of blood pumped from heart in one beat
19
Q
define cardiac output
A
- volume of blood pumped from heart
- each minute
HR * SV
20
Q
effect of exercise on heart
A
- hr increase
- sv increase
- cardiac output increases
