1.2 respiratory system Flashcards
1
Q
pathway of air into body
A
- mouth/nasal passage
- trachea
- bronchi
- bronchioles
- alveoli
2
Q
characteristics of alveoli
A
- large number: large surface area
- good blood supply
- walls of capillaries are one cell thick, allow gases to diffuse easily
- well ventilated, air reaches easily
- moist walls for gases to dissolve
3
Q
function of diaphragm during breathing
A
- inhalation: contracts to become flatter
- exhalation: relaxes and domes upward
4
Q
function of intercostal muscles during breathing
A
- inhalation: contracts to move ribs up and out
- exhalation: relaxes to move ribs down and in
5
Q
mechanics of breathing
A
inhalation:
- chest cavity expands
- pressure decreases
- air drawn in
exhalation
- chest cavity reduces
- pressure increases
- air forced out
6
Q
define tidal volume
A
- volume of air inhaled/exhaled with each breath
- during normal breathing
7
Q
define vital capacity
A
- max volume of air can breathe out
- after breathing in as much as can
8
Q
define residual volume
A
- volume of air left in lungs
- after you breathe out as much as can
9
Q
define minute ventilation
A
- volume of air
- that you breathe per minute
10
Q
effect of exercise on tidal volume
A
increases
11
Q
effect of exercise on vital capacity
A
no change
12
Q
effect of exercise on residual volume
A
no change
13
Q
effect of exercise on minute ventilation
A
increases
