13. Back & Spine ANA

Question 1

Functions of back & spine

Answer 1

Supports head
Important attachment of muscles & ligaments
Ribs attachment
Encloses & protects spinal cord
Nag provide ng mobility/flexibility of trunk
Ability to transmit weight of head & body to LE

Question 2

Ave length of vertebral column

Answer 2

M= 72 cm
F= minus 7 to 10 cm from male

Question 3

total number of vertebra in infants

Answer 3

33

C7
T12
L5
S5
Coccygeal 5

Question 4

total number of vertebra in adults

Answer 4

26

C7
T12
L5
S- fused to 1
Coccygeal - fused to 1

Question 5

Orientation & angle of facet jts in cervical vertebra

Answer 5

Sup: sup & post
inf: inf & ant
>45deg

Question 6

Orientation & angle of facet jts in thoracic vertebra

Answer 6

Sup: post & lat
inf: ant & medial
>60 deg

Question 7

Orientation & angle of facet jts in lumbar vertebra

Answer 7

Sup: medial
inf: lateral
>90 deg

Question 8

Part of IV disc that is gel like material

Answer 8

nucleus pulposus

Question 9

Part of IV disc that is fibrocartilagenous pulp

Answer 9

annulus fibrosus

Question 10

Protein found in nucleus pulposus

Answer 10

proteoglycan

Question 11

Protein found in annulus fibrosus

Answer 11

Lamellae angles at 30 deg

Question 12

What structures attaches to the outer surface of the annulus fibrosus

Answer 12

sharpey’s fibers

Question 13

this is the force generated by the annulus once it is stretched

Answer 13

Hoop’s stretch

Question 14

At what level can you find the widest pedicles?

Answer 14

L5

Question 15

At what level can you find the narrowest pedicles?

Answer 15

T5

Question 16

What comprises the joints of the Von Luschka (cervical)

Answer 16

vertebral body of the superior vertebra & the paired base of pedicles

Question 17

structures found at the level of the C6

Answer 17

Junctions larynx-trachea
Junctions pharynx-esophagus
middle cervical sympathetic ganglion
laryngeal prominence
1sts ring of trachea
suprasternal notch

Question 18

What is the superior continuation of PLL

Answer 18

tectorial membrane

Question 19

PLL is considered incomplete at what level?

Answer 19

below L2

Question 20

Thi sis also known as the yellow lligament

Answer 20

ligamentum flavum

Question 21

this ligament limits skull & atlas rotationon the axis

Answer 21

alar ligament

Question 22

this ligament holds the dens against the atlas

Answer 22

transverse ligament

Question 23

this ligament prevents post subluxation of dens when fractured

Answer 23

transverse ligament

Question 24

AKA bandage muscle

Answer 24

splenius

Question 25

chief extensor of the spine

Answer 25

erector spinae

Question 26

corset muscle

Answer 26

transversus abdominis