13. Atomic & Nuclear Structure

Question 1

what is fisson

Answer 1

nucleus split into smaller nuclei

Question 2

what is fusion

Answer 2

smaller nuclei join together to form larger nucleus

Question 3

what is radioactivity

Answer 3

particles emitted from nuclei as result of nuclear instability

Question 4

what are the 5 types of radiation

Answer 4

alpha
beta
gamma
positrons
e- capture

Question 5

what is an alpha particle

Answer 5

same as helium nucleus

Question 6

what is a beta particle

Answer 6

e-

Question 7

what is gamma ray

Answer 7

electromagnetic radiation - no charge or mass

Question 8

what is e- capture

Answer 8

e- taken from shell and proton is converted into a neutron

Question 9

what is a nuclear reaction characterised by

Answer 9

change in composition of nucleus

Question 10

what is alpha decay in terms of what it involves

Answer 10

nucleus emits alpha particle - 2 proton and 2 neutrons

Question 11

what is beta decay in terms of what it involves

Answer 11

number of neutrons in nucleus decreases by one and number of protons increases by one

Question 12

what is position emission in terms of what it involves

Answer 12

proton transformed into neutron

positron is emitted

Question 13

what is e- capture in terms of what it involves

Answer 13

e- captured and merges with a proton to create a neutron

proton is destroyed and neutron is created

Question 14

what is gamma ray emission in terms of what it involves

Answer 14

release of high frequency photon

Question 15

what is the half life

Answer 15

length of time for one half of a substance to decay