12. Lights & Optics

Question 1

what is light made up of what and what does each of these units represent

Answer 1

photon

each photon represents an electromagnetic wave

Question 2

how does light behave

Answer 2

like a wave and particle

Question 3

what is particle theory

Answer 3

energy transformation of light

Question 4

what is wave theory

Answer 4

propagation of light

Question 5

what is polarised light waves

Answer 5

waves where vibrations occur in a single plane

Question 6

what do lens do to light

Answer 6

refract light

Question 7

what do mirrors do to light

Answer 7

reflect

Question 8

what is a real image

Answer 8

light rays pass through image and can be projected onto a screen

Question 9

what is a virtual image

Answer 9

no light passes through image and cannot be projected onto a screen

Question 10

for a plane/flat mirror all images seen are what 3 characteristics

Answer 10

virtual
left-right reverse
erect

Question 11

a convex surface will do what to light

Answer 11

diverge light

Question 12

a concave surface will do what to light

Answer 12

converge

Question 13

what is the relationship between the focal length and the radius

Answer 13

f = 1/2radius

Question 14

with concave mirrors light is converged towards ___

Answer 14

the axis

Question 15

if object distance is less than focal length what kind of image does a concave mirror produce

Answer 15

virtual and erect

Question 16

if object distance is more than focal length what kind of image does a concave mirror produce

Answer 16

real and inverted image

Question 17

if object distance is equal to the focal length what kind of image does a concave mirror produce

Answer 17

no image formed

Question 18

if the object distance is less than the radius what size of image will a concave mirror produce

Answer 18

increased size of image

Question 19

if the object distance is more than the radius what size of image will a concave mirror produce

Answer 19

size of image is reduced

Question 20

if the object distance is same as the radius what size of image will a concave mirror produce

Answer 20

size of image will be the same

Question 21

incident rays that pass through the F when extended will reflect at what kind of angle

Answer 21

an angle parallel to the axis

Question 22

the image formed by a convex mirror is always

Answer 22

virtual
erect
smaller than object

Question 23

what is the mirror and lens equation

Answer 23

1/image distance = 1/object distance = 1/focal length

Question 24

what is the magnification equation

Answer 24

M = -image/object

Question 25

if magnification is >1 the image is ___ compared to the object

Answer 25

larger

Question 26

if magnification is <1 the image is ___ compared to the object

Answer 26

smaller

Question 27

if magnification is >1positive the image is ___

Answer 27

erect

Question 28

if magnification is negative the image is ___

Answer 28

inverted

Question 29

for r and f positive values = ____

Answer 29

positive = converging negative = diverging

Question 30

what is refraction

Answer 30

bending of light when it enters a medium that changes its speed

Question 31

refraction of light when it passes from a fast medium to a slow medium bends the light ray towards/away from the normal to the boundary between the 2 media

Answer 31

towards the normal

Question 32

the amount of bending in refraction depends on what

Answer 32

indicies of refraction of the 2 media

Question 33

how is the index of refraction determined

Answer 33

by dividing speed of light in vacuum by speed of light in medium

Question 34

a more optically dense medium will have a ___ index of refraction than a less optically dense medium

Answer 34

higher

Question 35

what is the formula for snell law

Answer 35

sin(angle of incident to normal)/sin(angle of transmitted or refracted ray) = n1/n2 = v1/v2 = wavelength 1/wavelength 2

Question 36

a smaller wavelength of incident light will cause what angle between transmitted ray and normal

Answer 36

smaller angle between transmitted ray and normal

Question 37

what is a lens

Answer 37

transparent material that refracts light ray to form an image

Question 38

what are the 2 types of lens

Answer 38

diverging/concave converging/convex

Question 39

what does a converging lens do

Answer 39

converge light rays that are travelling parallel to its principal axis

Question 40

what does a diverging lens dp

Answer 40

diverge light rays that are travelling parallel to its principal axis

Question 41

what does a converging lens look like

Answer 41

wider across middle and thinner at ends

Question 42

what does a diverging lens look like

Answer 42

thinner across middle and thicker at ends

Question 43

what is the focal point

Answer 43

point where rays of light initially parallel converge towards after emerging from a converging lens or diverge from after emerging from a diverging lens

Question 44

diverging concave lens form images that are

Answer 44

always virtual, erect, reduced in size

Question 45

converging convex lens form images that are what if the object distance is less than focal length

Answer 45

virtual erect

Question 46

converging convex lens form images that are what if the object distance is more than focal length

Answer 46

real and inverted

Question 47

converging convex lens form images that are what if the object distance is same as focal length

Answer 47

no image formed

Question 48

converging convex lens form images that are what size if the object distance is less than its radius

Answer 48

increased size of image

Question 49

converging convex lens form images that are what size if the object distance is more than its radius

Answer 49

size of image is reduced

Question 50

converging convex lens form images that are what size if the object distance is same as its radius

Answer 50

size of image is the same