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? Physics > 11. Electricity: Electric Circuits > Flashcards

11. Electricity: Electric Circuits Flashcards

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1
Q

what is current

A

flow of charge through a electrical circuit

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2
Q

what is current measured in

A

amperes (A)

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3
Q

what is the equation for current

A

I = Q/t

I = current
Q = amount of charge
t = time

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4
Q

how do e- move in an electrical circuit

A

e- move towards the positive connection

e- removed at the + connection while more e- are entering the circuit at the - connection

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5
Q

why does e- movement occur in a circuit

A

because there are 2 points of the circuit that have a significant potential difference

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6
Q

what is ohms law

A

state that the voltage can be determined by multiplying the current by resistance

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7
Q

what is ohms law equation

A

V = IR

v= voltage
I = current
R = resistance

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8
Q

what is resistance

A

measure of hindrance of e- flow

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9
Q

what is resistance measured in

A

ohms

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10
Q

what is resistivity

A

measure of materials tendency to resist e- flow

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11
Q

what is the relationship between temperature and resistivity

A

increase temp = increase resisitivity

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12
Q

what is the resistance equation

A

R = pl/A

p = resistivity (ohm x m)
l = length of wire (m)
A = cross section area of wire (m^2)

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13
Q

what is an in series circuit

A

components lined up in a row along the wire, only one path for e- to flow

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14
Q

what is the voltage like at diff points in the in series circuit

A

same over each component

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15
Q

what is the equation for resistance in series

A

Rt = R1 + R2 + R3…

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16
Q

what is parallel circuit

A

components are in alternate paths and there is more than one path for e- to flow

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17
Q

what is the total current in parallel circuits

A

total current = sum of currents for each path

18
Q

what is the voltage for all paths in paralell

A

voltage is the same throughout the circuit for all paths in parallel

19
Q

what is the equation for resistance in parallel

A

1/Rt = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 …

20
Q

what does a battery do

A

add energy to circuit by raising voltage from one point to another

21
Q

what is the electromotive force

A

energy added by a battery

22
Q

what is the unit of emf

A

volts

23
Q

if 2 batteries are connected in opposition (positive end to positive end) what will happen to the energy

A

energy will be lost from the charge when passing through the second battery

24
Q

what is the first law of kirchhoff

A

amount of current flowing into any node must be the same amount that flows out

all current arriving at a node is defined as positive and all current leaving is -

25
Q

what is a node

A

intersection of wires

26
Q

what is kirchhoffs second law

A

sum of voltages around any path in a circuit must equal to 0

27
Q

what is the function of a capacitor

A

temporarily store energy in a circuit

28
Q

what is energy stored as in capacitors

A

in the form of separated charge

29
Q

what are dielectrics

A

material that increases capacitance

30
Q

what is capacitance

A

ability to store charge per unit volume

31
Q

what is the equation for capacitance

A

C = Q/V

Q = charge (Coulomb)

32
Q

what is capacitance in terms of # of coulombs

A

of coulombs needed to raise the potential of a conductor by one volt

33
Q

what does the separation of charge in a charge parallel plate capacitor create

A

creates constant electric field

34
Q

what is the equation for voltage and capacitors

A

V = Ed

E = electric field strength
d = distance between plates of capacitors

35
Q

what is the equation for total capacitance in a series circuit

A

1/Ct = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3…

36
Q

what is the equation for total capacitance in a parallel circuit

A

Ct = C1 + C2 + C3…

37
Q

what is electric power

A

represents rate at which energy is converted from electrical energy of moving charges into another form of energy

38
Q

what are the 3 equations for power

A

P = IV
P = I^2R
P = V^2/R

39
Q

increase in area of plates in a charged parallel plate capacitor will have what effect on capacitance

A

increase

40
Q

increase in distance between the 2 plates in a charged parallel plate capacitor will have what effect on capacitance

A

decrease

? Physics (13 decks)

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