1.3 - 1.4 Flashcards
who was robert boyle?
performed quantitative experiments that carefully measured the relationship between the pressure of volume and air.
who was joseph priestly?
discovered the oxygen gas through the understanding of combustion.
what did antoine levoisier discover?
the law of conservation of mass.
who is joseph proust?
he came up with the law of definite proportion.
(a given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass).
what are the four points of dalton’s atomic theory?
- each element is made up of tiny particles called atoms.
- the atoms of a given element are identical; the atoms of different elements are different in fundamental ways.
- chemical compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine with each other. a given compound always has the same relative numbers and types of atoms.
- chemical reactions involve the reorganization of the atoms- changes the way bound together. the atoms themselves are not changed in a chemical reaction.
what are atomic masses?
the weighted average mass of the atoms in a naturally occurring element.
what did gay-lussac do?
he performed experiments that measured the volumes of gas that reacted with each other.
(2 volumes of hydrogen combined with 1 volume oxygen forms 2 volumes of gaseous water)
what did amedeo avogadro propose based on gay-lussac’s findings?
he proposed that at the same temp. and pressure, equal volumes of different gases contain the same number of particles.
what are the seven elements that occur as diatomic molecules?
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
