12.1 Skeletal and Surface Anatomy of the Trunk

Question 1

Identify a typical vertebra as well as the following components and their function when applicable:

1. Body
2. Pedicle
3. Lamina
4. Vertebral arch
5. Transverse process
6. Vertebral foramen
7. Superior and inferior vertebral notches
8. Superior and inferior costal facets
9. Superior and inferior articular processes
10. Spinous process

Answer 1

• vertebral/neural arch: paired laminae and pedicles
• pedicles: join vertebral arch and body
• laminae: flat plates contacting pedicles
• vertebral foramen: forms vertebral canal
• superior and inferior vertebral notches: form IV foramina
• superior and inferior costal facets: articulate with rib head and tubercle

Question 2

Identify the region of Cervical vertebra and the following unique components:

1. Transverse foramen
2. Bifid spinous process
3. Atlas, Axis, Dens

Answer 2

• C1-C7

- transverse foramina: convey vertebral arteries

Question 3

Identify the scapula and its following components:

1. Scapular spine
2. Superior angle
3. Medial border
4. Inferior angle
5. Acromion
6. Coracoid process
7. Scapular notch

Answer 3

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Question 4

Identify the following surface anatomy of the trunk;

1. External occipital protuberance
2. Vertebra prominens (C7)
3. Scapular spine
4. Acromion
5. Medial border of scapula
6. Inferior angle of scapula
7. Spinous processes of vertebra
8. Ribs
9. Iliac crest
10. Posterior superior iliac spine
11. Sacrum

Answer 4

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