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Week 12: Gastrointestinal > 12.1, 12.2 Microbiology: Gastrointestinal infections > Flashcards

12.1, 12.2 Microbiology: Gastrointestinal infections Flashcards

1
Q

What is complete dysentery and what is an example of a causative organism?

A

Blood/pus/mucus

Shigella

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2
Q

What is another term for Shigella? Does it produce a toxin?

A

EIEC

does NOT produce toxin

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3
Q

What organism causing infection is carried in chickens?

A

Campylobacter

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4
Q

What causes pseudomembranous colitis?

A

Clostridium difficile (antibiotic diarrhea)

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5
Q

What causes haemorrhagic colitis?

A

EHEC (Shigatoxin)

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6
Q

What has EAEC picked up?

A

A shigatoxin encoded phage

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7
Q

What is intimin?

What do we find it on?

A

An adhesion molecule (virulence factor of E.Coli)

EPEC, EHEC

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8
Q

What are the degrees of invasion of mucosa? (5)

A
  1. Adhesive enterotoxigenic
  2. Adhesive with brush border damage
  3. Invasion restricted to mucosa
  4. Invasion of submucosa
  5. Systemic invasion
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9
Q

What organisms are adhesive enterotoxigenic?

A

Cholera, ETEC

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10
Q

What organism is adhesive with brush border damage?

A

EPEC

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11
Q

What organism’s degree of invasion is restricted to mucsosa?

A

Shigella

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12
Q

What organisms invade the submucosa?

A

Salmonella, Campylobacter

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13
Q

What organisms systemically invade?

A

Salmonella typhi, paratyphi

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14
Q

What are the two stages of EPEC adherence?

A

Stage 1 (plasma mediated): initial adherence, intact microvilli

Stage 2 (chromosomal): late adherence, attachment effacement

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15
Q

What is special about EPEC?

A

BYO Tir R’ with Intimin

LEE pathogenicity island

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16
Q

What does Rotavirus do to intestinal architecture?

What is the structure of Rotavirus?

A

Flattens it

Double caspid layer

17
Q

What are 2 cytotonic exotoxins?

What is a cytotoxic exotoxin?

A

Cholera toxin, ETEC (LT, ST)

Shiga toxin

18
Q

What do we need enrichment for when culturing faeces?

A

Salmonella

19
Q

What is a capture assay comprised of?

A 
Solid phase
Capture antibody
Antigen (unknown)-put stool here, wash
Specific antibody (if known)
Label
20
Q

When do we use antimicrobials for diarrhoea? (6)

A 
Cholera
Systemic infections
Immunocompromised patients
Severe Shigella
Protozoal infections
Severe pseudomembranous colitis
21
Q

What do antimicrobials make worse (diarrhoea)?

A

EHEC, Shiga toxin (phage encoded), stress response genes turn on

Week 12: Gastrointestinal (10 decks)

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