12.1 - 12.2

Question 1

Types of stimulus

Answer 1

External and internal

Question 2

Describe the flow of what hapens after a stimulus

Answer 2

stimulus - receptor - nerve impulse - brain - impulse - motor neurone - effector - response

Question 3

What is external stimuli

Answer 3

Stimuli from external environment

Question 4

What is internal stimuli give examples

Answer 4

Stimuli from internal environment
Blood osmotic pressure
Blood sugar level
Body temperature

Question 5

What are receptors

Answer 5

Sensory cells that detect stimulus and convert them into nerve impulses

Question 6

What is brain

Answer 6

The integration centre that translate nerve impulses and coordinates an appropriate response

Question 7

What is a response

Answer 7

a reaction after detecting stimulis

Question 8

What is an effector

Answer 8

Part of body that response to stimulus

Question 9

Sensory receptors and their stimulus

Answer 9

Photoreceptor - Light
Thermoreceptor - Change in Temp
Chemoreceptor - Change in Chem substance
Baroreceptor - Change in Pressure
Mechanoreceptor - Touch and pressure
Nociceptor - pain

Question 10

What is the nervous system

Answer 10

network of nerve cells or neurones

Question 11

Two main subsytems of nervous systems

Answer 11

central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system

Question 12

Central nervous system consists of?

Answer 12

Brain and spinal cord

Question 13

Peripheral nervous system consists of?

Answer 13

12 pairs of cranial nerves
31 pairs of spinal nerves

Question 14

Main components of the brain

Answer 14

Cerebrum, Hypothalamus, Cerebellum, medulla oblongata, pituitary gland

Question 15

Cerebrum characteristics and function

Answer 15

Complex - Largest most complex structure in frontal part of brain

Folded - Folded surface to increase surface area and hold more nerves

Controls - Emotion hearing sight personality and controlled actions

Information flow
Receptor - analyzed integrated and correlated producing sensory perception - response determined - effector

Higher mental abilities - learning memorising linguistic and mathematical skills

Question 16

Cerebellum function

Answer 16

Maintains;

Body balance
Coordination of muscle contractions for body movement

Question 17

Hypothalamus

Answer 17

Coordinate homeostasis

Regulates body temperature, water balance, blood pressure

Senses hunger thirst and fatigue

Connects nervous system to endocrine system via pituitary gland

Controls secretion of few pituitary gland hormones

Question 18

Pituitary glands

Answer 18

Main gland in endocrine system

Secretes hormones that control the secretion of hormones by other endocrine glands

Question 19

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 19

Controls involuntary actions

such as breathing heartbeat blood pressure vomitting etc

Question 20

Location of brain components

Answer 20

Remember the photo but to put in words

Cerebrum - big top part
Spinal cord - the stick at the bottom
Medulla oblongata - bulge at the spinal cord stick on the left
Cerebellum - under the flower/fungus looking stuff
Pituitary gland - The thing that looks like balls on the left bottom connected to the spinal cord
Hypothalamus - above the balls

Question 21

Function of spinal cord

Answer 21

Process - few types of sensory information
Send - responses through motor neurons
Control - reflex action
Connect- brain with peripheral nervous system

Question 22

Spinal cord contains what matter

Answer 22

Grey and white matter

Question 23

Grey matter location and contents

Answer 23

In the butterfly looking thing
Cell bodies

Question 24

White matter location and consists of

Answer 24

Surrounds grey matter
Axons covered in myelin sheath

Question 25

Spinal nerve consists of

Answer 25

Sensory and motor neurone

Question 26

Ventral root contains and function and location

Answer 26

Motor neurone
Send nerve impulses from spinal cord to effector
The bottom tube thing

Question 27

Dorsal root contains and function and location

Answer 27

Axon of sensory neurones
Send nerve impulse from receptor to spinal cord
The top tube thing

Question 28

Dorsal root ganglion contains and location

Answer 28

Clustered Sensory neurones cell bodies

Bulge in top tube

Question 29

Peripheral nervous system consists of

Answer 29

Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system

Question 30

Somatic system regulates?

Answer 30

Controlled actions

Question 31

Autonomic nervous system controls?

Answer 31

involuntary actions

Question 32

Function of peripheral nervous system

Answer 32

Connect sensory receptors and effectors to central nervous system