1.2 Progress In Education (little Rock And Brown V Topeka)

Question 1

By 1950……………

Answer 1

Many southern southern states had desgregated schools

Question 2

Who was Linda Brown?

Answer 2

A black child who had to pass a white school to travel futher to a black school

Question 3

What did Linda Brown’s mother and many other parents do in 1951?

Answer 3

They went to court to fight for their children’s right to go to the nearest school

They lost because of PLESSY

Question 4

What did PLESSY allow?

Answer 4

Segregation because of the “seperate but equal idea”

Question 5

What do the NAACP do in 1952 and what does this become known as?

Answer 5

-bundle all five school desgregation cases togther and bring them to the supreme court. This became known as Brown V Topeka

Question 6

By September 1952, there was no ruling from the supreme court in the Brown V Topeka, what changed to create a ruling?

Answer 6

Pro segregation judge dies and anti segregationist Earl Warren becomes a Judge and then Chief justice

Question 7

What happens in May 1954?

Answer 7

Supreme court overturn Plessy and demand schools to desgregate

Question 8

Two positive outcomes of the supreme court ordering schools to be desegregated in May 1954?

Answer 8

• plessy reversed

- more desegregation campaigns in the future

Question 9

Evidence of desegregation in schools?

Answer 9

723 school districts desegregated by 1957

Question 10

Three negative outcomes of the supreme court ordering the desegregation of schools in 1954?

Answer 10

• White citizens council set up
• increased KKK membership
• white parents threaten black kids
• black teachers face trouble from white students

Question 11

What was the original plan in Arkansas?

Answer 11

Gradual desegregation

Question 12

Amount of black kids who apply, get accepted and turn up to little rock high schools for the start of the year in 1957?

Why did so little turn up?

Answer 12

• 75 apply
• 25 accepted
• 9 turn up

Only 9 turn up because of the threats from white families

Question 13

What does the Govenor of Arkansas do to stop the black kids entering the school?

Answer 13

-sends 250 state troops to prevent them from entering

Question 14

What do the NAACP and school board do in response to the govenor of Arkansas sending 250 state troops to prevent them from entering the school?

Answer 14

-arrange for the black kids to miss the first day of school and come in together on the next day

Question 15

Who doesn’t get the NACCP message?

Answer 15

Elizabeth Eckford

Question 16

What happened to Elizabeth Eckford when she reached little rock alone?

Answer 16

State troops turned their back on her and she was left to the crowd who were chanting “lynch her”

Question 17

Why does Eisenhower order Fabus to remove state troops from little rock”

Answer 17

The photography of the incident made them look bad

Question 18

What happens in response to Eisenhower ordering Fabus to remove the state troops?

Answer 18

• Fabus removes the state troops but there are riots

- 24th September 1957- Eisenhower sends 1000 federal troops to little rock

Question 19

What does Fabus do in response to Eisenhower sending 1000 federal troops to little rock?

Answer 19

-he closes schools for a year

Question 20

A negative consequences of little rock?

Answer 20

KKK bombings

Question 21

Why did the supreme court rule “massive resistance” is illegal in 1959?

Answer 21

Senator of Virginia demanded “massive resistance” to the desegregation of school and said if any schools desegregated, he would close them

Question 22

What were 3 suttle ways schools resisted desegregation?

Answer 22

• segregation within a school
• only letting a few black kids into each year group
• only desegregating a few schools in an area

Question 23

What year is little rock?

Answer 23

1957