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Neuroanatomy > 12 Pairs of Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

12 Pairs of Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

List the 6 functional components of cranial nerves.

A
  1. General Somatic Efferent
  2. Genreal Visceral Efferent
  3. Special Visceral Efferent
  4. General Somatic Afferent
  5. Genreal Visceral Afferent
  6. Special Senses Afferent
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2
Q

GSE cranial nerves deal with…

A

somatic motor component

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3
Q

GVE cranial nerves deal with…

A

Preganglionic parasympathetic component

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4
Q

SVE cranial nerves deal with…

A

Branchial motor component; muscles that derive from the 4 branchial arches

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5
Q

GSA cranial nerves deal with…

A

somatosensory component

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6
Q

GVA cranial nerves deal with…

A

visceral sensory component

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7
Q

SSA cranial nerves deal with…

A

Olfaction, taste, smell, hearing, and balance

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8
Q

True or False:

Cranial nerves are part of the PNS.

A

True!

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9
Q

What is the difference between nerves of the CNS (like CN II) and cranial nerves of PNS?

A

CNS nerves are myelenated by oligodendrocytes

PNS nerves are myelentated by Schwann cells

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10
Q

List the 12 pairs of cranial nerves.

A 
Olfactory n.
Optic n.
Occulomotor n.
Trochlear n.
Trigeminal n.
Abducent n.
Facial n.
Vestibulochochlear n.
Glossopharyngeal n.
Vagus n.
Spinal Accessory n.
Hypoglossal n.
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11
Q

List the nerve fiber type of each cranial nerve.

A 
I - Sensory
II- Sensory
III - Motor
IV - Motor
V - Both
VI - Motor
VII - Both
VIII - Sensory
IX - Both
X - Both
XI - Motor
XII - Motor
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12
Q

CN I travels through…

A

Cribriform plate

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13
Q

CN II travels through…

A

Optic canal

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14
Q

CN III travels through…

A

Superior orbital fissure

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15
Q

CN IV travels through…

A

Superior orbital fissure

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16
Q

CN V - ophthalmic branch travels through…

A

Superior orbital fissure

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17
Q

CN V - maxillary branch travels through…

A

Foramen rotundum

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18
Q

CN V - mandibular branch branch travels through…

A

Foramen ovale

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19
Q

CN VI travels through…

A

Superior orbital fissure

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20
Q

CN VII travels through…

A

Internal auditory meatus; stylomastoid foramen

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21
Q

CN VIII travels through…

A

Internal auditory meatus

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22
Q

CN IX travels through…

A

Jugular foramen

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23
Q

CN X travels through…

A

Jugular foramen

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24
Q

CN XI travels through…

A

Jugular foramen

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25
Q

CN XII travels through…

A

Hypoglossal canal

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26
Q

What are the 4 cranial nerves associated with the branchial arches?

A

CN V, VII, IX, X

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27
Q

What is the functional component of CN I?

A

Special sensory afferent (SSA)

28
Q

What is the functional component of CN II?

A

Special sensory afferent (SSA)

29
Q

What are the functional components of CN III?

A

General Somatic Efferent (GSE)

General Visceral Efferent (GVE)

30
Q

What is the functional component of CN IV?

A

General Somatic Efferent (GSE)

31
Q

What are the functional components of CN V?

A

Special Visceral Efferent (SVE) (Branchiomotor)

General Somatic Afferent (GSA)

32
Q

What is the functional component of CN VI?

A

General Somatic Efferent (GSE)

33
Q

What are the functional components of CN VII? (3)

A

SVE, GSA, SSA

34
Q

What is the functional component of CN VIII?

35
Q

What are the functional components of CN IX? (5)

A

GVE, SVE, GSA, GVA, SSA

36
Q

What are the functional components of CN X? (4)

A

GVE, SVE, GSA, GVA

37
Q

What are the functional components of CN XI?

A

GSE (or SVE?)

38
Q

What are the functional components of CN XII?

39
Q

What is the function of CN I (olfactory n.)?

A

olfaction (smell)

40
Q

What is the function of CN II?

41
Q

What is the function of CN III?

A

Somatic motor/Eye movement:
- superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, levator palbebrae superiorous

Parasympathetic:

  • Pupil constriction
  • Ciliary muscle (pupillary accomidation)
42
Q

What is the function of CN IV?

A

Turning eye ball downward and laterally via superior oblique muscle

43
Q

What is the function of CN V-opthalmic branch??

A

Deliver general sensory information from:

  • cornea
  • forehead
  • scalp
  • eyelids
  • nose
  • Nasal cavity
  • Paranasal sinuses
44
Q

What is the function of CN V-maxillary branch??

A

Deliver general sensory information from:

  • Skin of face
  • Maxillary teeth
  • Mucous membranes of nose
  • Maxillary sinus
45
Q

What is the function of CN V-mandibular branch??

A

(Motor) movement of muscles of mastication:

  • masseter mm.
  • temporalis mm.
  • medial and lateral pterygoid mm.

Sensory information from:

  • skin over mandible and cheeks
  • mandibular teeth
  • anterior part of tongue
46
Q

What is the function of CN VI?

A

Moves eye laterally via lateral rectus mm.

47
Q

What are the functions of CN VII?

A

Motor: movement in muscles of facial expression

Parasympathetic (autonomic):

  • Saliva production (submandibular, sublingual salivary)
  • Tears (lacrimal gland)

Special Sensory:
- taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue

48
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN I nuclei?

A

Nasal epithelium; directly to cerebral cortex

49
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN II nuclei?

A

Arises from diencephalon; it is a CNS structure

Myelinated by oligodendrocytes and ensheathed by the three meningeal layers

50
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN III nuclei?

A

From TWO midbrain nuclei:

  1. Oculomotor nuclei (superior colliculi)
  2. Accessory parasympathetic nuclei
51
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN IV nuclei?

A

Anterior to cerebral aqueduct; at the level of the inferior colliculi within the midbrain

52
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN V nuclei?

A
  1. Motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve
  2. Main (chief) sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve
  3. Spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve
  4. Mesencephalic nucleus
53
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN VI nuclei?

A

In the pons, at the floor of the 4th ventricle, housed in the facial colliculi

54
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN VII nuclei?

A
  1. Motor nucleus of facial n.
  2. Superior salivary nuclei
  3. Tractus solitarius
  4. All trigeminal sensory nuclei
55
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN VIII nuclei?

A
  1. Vestibular ganglion (vestibular area)

2. Spiral ganglion

56
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN IX nuclei? (4 places)

A
  1. Nucleus ambiguus
  2. Inferior salivatory nucleus
  3. Spinal tract of trigeminal n.
  4. Tractus solitarius
57
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN X nuclei? (4 options)

A
  1. Nucleus ambiguous
  2. Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus n.
  3. Tracus solitarius
  4. Spinal tract of trigeminal n.
58
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN XI nuclei?

A

Cranial portion comes from medulla

Spinal portion comes from upper spinal cord (C1-C5 nerve roots)

59
Q

Where in the brain do we find CN XII nuclei?

A

Originates from hypoglossal nucleus in lower medulla (hypoglossal trigone),

Travels caudally and dorsally to the tongue

60
Q

What is the function of CN VIII?

A

Conducts equilibrium and auditory sensation to brain

61
Q

Which portion of CN VIII is auditory and which deals with balance?

A

Cochlear is auditory

Vestibular is balance

62
Q

What are the functions of CN IX?

A

GVE: Production of salvia from parotid gland

SVE: movement of stylopharyngeus m. (speaking/swallowing); elevates larynx and pharynx

GSA: General sensation of mucous membrane of pharynx, tonsil, soft palate, & posterior 1/3 of tongue

GVA: - Baroreceptors in carotid sinus & Chemoreceptors in carotid body (monitor O2 and CO2 on blood)

SSA: Taste buds of posterior 1/3 of tongue

63
Q

What are the functions of CN X?

A

GVE: Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to glands, smooth m., heart, lungs, trachea, and most abdominal organs

SVE: Branchial motor innervation of laryngeal and most pharyngeal mm.

GSA: General sensation of pharynx and skin of external auditory meatus

GVA: Visceral sensory information for pharynx, larynx, carotid bodies, heart, lungs, and most abdominal organs

SSA: Taste from epiglottis

64
Q

What is the function of CN XI?

A

GSE: Innervation of trapezius m. and sternocleidomastoid m.

65
Q

What is the function of CN XII?

A

GSE: Innervation of intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue; speech, chewing

Neuroanatomy (11 decks)

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