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CPT > 12. Neuro Pharmacology > Flashcards

12. Neuro Pharmacology Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the clinical features of Parkinsonism?

A

Tremor
Rigidity
Bradykinesia
Postural instability

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2
Q

What are the non motor manifestations of Parkinson’s disease?

A 
Mood changes
Pain
Cognitive change
Urinalysis symptoms
Sleep disorder
Sweating
Low BP
Restless legs
Fatigue
Hallucinations
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3
Q

What drug can be used for motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease?

A

Levodopa

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4
Q

What is L-DOPA used in combination with?

A

Peripheral DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor to stop increased levels of dopamine in peripheral tissues

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5
Q

What are the side effects of L-DOPA?

A

Nausea/anorexia
Hypotension
Psychosis
Tachycardia

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6
Q

What are the drug interactions with L-DOPA?

A

Pyridoxine increases peripheral breakdown of L-DOPA
MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors) risk hypertensive crisis
Many antipsychotic drugs block dopamine receptors and Parkinsonism is a side effects

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7
Q

What are the dopamine receptor agonists?

A

Ropinirole
Pramipexole
Rotigotine (patch)
Apomorphine (s.c.)

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8
Q

What are the side effects of dopamine receptor agonists?

A 
Impulse control disorders 
Sedation
Hallucinations
Confusion
Nausea
Hypotension
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9
Q

What is the function of monoamine oxidase B?

A

Metabolised dopamine
Predominates in dopamine containing regions in brain
MAOB inhibitors enhance dopamine

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10
Q

Name the monoamine oxidase B inhibitors

A

Selegiline
Rasagaline
Safinamide

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11
Q

What is the action of catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitors?

A

Reduce peripheral breakdown of L-DOPA to 3-O-methyldopa

Has no therapeutic effect alone

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12
Q

What is stalevo?

A

Combination tablet of COMT inhibitor and L-DOPA and peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitor

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13
Q

What are the side effects of anticholinergics?

A

Confusion
Drowsiness
Usual anticholinergic side effects

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14
Q

What symptoms does amantadine treat?

A

Dyskinesia

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15
Q

What is the action of amantadine?

A

NMDAR inhibition

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16
Q

What are the features of myasthenia gravis?

A

Fluctuating, fatiguable, weakness skeletal muscle
Extra-ocular muscles - blurred vision
Bulbar involvement - dysphagia, dysphonia, dysarthria
Limb weakness
Respiratory muscle involvement

17
Q

What drugs can exacerbate myasthenia gravis?

A 
Aminoglycosides
Beta blockers, CCBs, quinidine, procainamide
Chloroquine
Succinylcholine
Magnesium
ACE inhibitors
18
Q

What is the therapeutic management of myasthenia gravis?

A 
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Corticosteroids
Steroid sparing
IV immunoglobulin 
Plasmapheresis
19
Q

Name some acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A

Pyridostigmine - main

Neostigmine

20
Q

What are the side effects of pyridostigmine?

A 
Salivation
Sweating
Lacrimation
Urinary incontinence 
Diarrhoea
GI upset and hyper mobility
Emesis

CPT (30 decks)

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