1.2 EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THEORY (neo-classical)) Flashcards
human relation approach- Elton Mayo and Hawthorne studies
WHAT IS NEO CLASSICAL APPROACH ALSO CALLED?
HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACH
WHO IS ELTON MAYO?
FATHER OF HUMAN RELATIONS MOVEMENT
WHO ADVOCATED HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACH?
- ELTOTN MAYO
- RENEE LIKERT
- DOUGLAS MCGREGOR
WHO ADVOCATED HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACH?
- ELTOTN MAYO
- RENEE LIKERT
- DOUGLAS MCGREGOR
WHERE WERE RESEARCHERS LED BY MAYO INVITED?
HAWTHORNE PLANT OF WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY AT CHICAGO IN 1927
WHAT WAS THE RESEARCH CALLED?
HAWTHORNE STUDIES
WHAT DID RESEARCHERS DISCOVER?
the relationship between productivity
and working conditions when they were improved.
WHAT DID RESEARCHERS DISCOVER?
the relationship between productivity
and working conditions when they were improved.
WHY WAS NEO CLASSICAL APPROACH ADVOCATED?
The behavioural scientists criticised the early management approaches for their
insensitiveness to the human side of the organisation.
4 HAWTHORNE EXPERIMNTS?
- ILLUMINATION
- RELAY ROOM
- BANK WIRING
- INTERVIEW
WHAT IS PRODUCTIVITY?
Productivity is an index that measures output relative to inputs. PRODUCTIVITY = OUTPUT/INPUT
WHAT IS ILLUMINATION EXPERIMENT?
- LIGHTING FACTOR
- RELATION BET PHYSICAL FACTOR AND PRODUCTIVITY
- GRP A UNDER CONSTANT LIGHT
- GRP B UNDER VARIABLE LIGHT
- PRODUCTIVITY INCREASED FOR BOTH
WHAT IS ILLUMINATION EXPERIMENT?
- LIGHTING FACTOR
- RELATION BET PHYSICAL FACTOR AND PRODUCTIVITY
- GRP A UNDER CONSTANT LIGHT
- GRP B UNDER VARIABLE LIGHT
- PRODUCTIVITY INCREASED FOR BOTH
WHAT IS RELAY ROOM EXPERIMENT?
- IDENTIFY WHICH PHYSICAL FACTOR DOMINATES PRODUCTIVITY
- SIX FEMALE WORKERS
- ASSEMBLE TELEPHONE
- WORKING HOURS, TEMPERATURE, INCENTIVE SYSTEM WAS MANIPULATED
- NO CORRELATION BETWEEN THEM AND PRODUCTIVITY
WHAT IS INTERVIEW PROGRAMME?
- SEARCH OTHER VARIABLES
- 20000 INTERVIEWS
- EMPLOYEES GIVEN QUESTIONNAIRE
- SOCIAL FACTORS, POSITION OF WORKER, GROUP BEHAVIOUR INFLUENCES PERFORMANCE
WHAT IS BANK WIRING EXPERIMENT?
- IMPACT OF SMALL GROUPS ON INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR
- 14 MALE WORKERS
- EACH GROUP HAD UNOFFICIAL STANDARD OF PERFORMANCE
- PRODUCTION RECORDS WERE COMPARED
- INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT REMAINED CONSTANT
WHAT IS THE CONTRIBUTION OF HAWTHORNE STUDIES?
- Work is a group activity.
- Informal groups exercise strong social control over the work habits and attitudes of the individual worker.
- Free flow of two-way communication is necessary for the proper functioning of the organisation.
- Employees prefer self-control and self-direction.
- Money is only one of the motivator.
- Employees prefer democratic, participative style of management.
