1.2 EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THEORY (classical approach) Flashcards
classical approach- fw taylor ad heri fayol
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT THEORY?
The existence of management and its principles is as old as humanity.
The art of management has ancient origins, but the science of management developed
only after the Industrial Revolution.
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT THEORY?
The existence of management and its principles is as old as humanity.
The art of management has ancient origins, but the science of management developed
only after the Industrial Revolution.
3 APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT?
- CLASSICAL APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT
- NEO-CLASSICAL APPROACH
- MODERN APPROACH
TYPES OF CLASSICAL APPROACH?
- SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT( FW TAYLOR)
2. PROCESS MANAGEMENT (HENRI FAYOL)
WHO INTRODUCED SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT IN MIDVALE STEELWORK?
FREDRICK WILSON TAYLOR
WHAT IS SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT?
“the art of knowing exactly what you want
men to do and then seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way”.
FW TAYLOR’S PRINCIPLES?
- Development of true science of management, so that the best method of performing each task could be determined.
- Scientific selection of workers.
- Scientific education and development of workers.
- Friendly cooperation between management and labour to be developed.
- Differential Price Rate system
TAYLOR’S CONTRIBUTION?
1) MENTAL REVOLUTION
2) WORK STUDY
3) STANDARDISATION OF TOOLS & EQUIPMENTS
4) SCIENTIFIC SELECTION & TRAINING
5) DIFFERENTIAL PIECE RATE SYSTEM
6) FUNCTIONAL FOREMANSHIP
WHAT IS DIFFERENTIAL PRICE RATE SYSTEM?
- TIME RATE: WAGES= HOURS WORKED * RATE PER HOUR
2. PIECE RATE: WAGES= UNITS PRODUCED * RATE PER UNIT
WHAT IS WORK STUDY?
- METHOD STUDY (study to find best method)
- TIME STUDY (eslabish standard of performance of each job)
- MOTION STUDY( study movements of machine to eliminate useless motion)
WHAT IS FUNCTIONAL FOREMANSHIP?
- Segregate planning and performance on the shop floor and introduce specialisation.
- Appointment of eight foremen in all to control the various aspect of production.
WHO IS THE FATHER OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT?
FW TAYLOR
WHAT IS HENRI FAYOL ALSO CALLED?
FATHER OF PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
WHICH BOOK DID HENRI FAYOL WRITE?
GENERAL AND INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT
WHICH BOOK DID HENRI FAYOL WRITE?
GENERAL AND INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT
WHAT IS PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT?
- UNIVERSALLY APPLICABLE
2. FLEXIBLE GUIDELINES NOT RIGID RULES
PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT?
- DIVISION OF WORK
- AUTHORITY & RESPONSIBILITY
- DISCIPLINE
- UNITY OF COMMAND
- CENTRALISATION & DECENTRALISATION
- UNITY OF DIRECTION
- SCALAR CHAIN
- STABILITY OF TENURE
- REMUNERATION
- ORDER
- INCENTIVE
- SUBORDINATION OF INDIVIDUAL INTEREST
- EQUITY
- ESPIRIT DE CORPS
WHAT IS UNITY OF COMMAND?
This principle emphasises that a subordinate should receive orders from one supervisor only.
WHAT IS UNITY OF DIRECTION?
This means one head and one plan for group activities having the same objectives.
WHAT IS UNITY OF DIRECTION?
This means one head and one plan for group activities having the same objectives.
CENTRALISATION VS. DECENTRALISATITON?
Centralisation refers to the concentration of authority at one place or at one level in the organisation.
Decentralisation on the other hand means the dispersal of authority to the lower levels in the
organisation.
WHAT IS SCALAR CHAIN?
These principles state that the chain of superiors ranging from the ultimate authority to the lowest level in the organisation.
It should not be rigid.
WHAT IS SUBORDINATION OF INDIVIDUAL INTEREST?
In every organisation management and employees have their own interests. Employees should subordinate their interests to the general interest of the organisation.
WHAT IS THE STABILITY OF TENURE OF PERSONNEL?
Every organisation should have a fair blend of youth and experienced people.
The labour turnover ratio is to be maintained at the lowest possible percentage.
WHAT IS ESPIRIT DE CORPS?
This means the union is strength. This principle wants harmonious human relations in the organisation so that employees are loyal to the organisation.
WHAT IS ESPIRIT DE CORPS?
This means the union is strength. This principle wants harmonious human relations in the organisation so that employees are loyal to the organisation.
