1.2 Eukaryoric Cells

Question 1

in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all of the processes; cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm

Answer 1

cell

Question 2

a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell

Answer 2

cell wall

Question 3

what cell walls of plants and algae are made of; complex sugar that most animals can’t digest

Answer 3

cellulose

Question 4

fungi cell walls are made of this

Answer 4

chitin

Question 5

a protective barrier that encloses a cell

Answer 5

cell membrane

Question 6

a web of proteins in the cytoplasm

Answer 6

cytoskeleton

Question 7

large organelle in the eukaryotic cell that contains DNA and is the control center of the cell

Answer 7

nucleus

Question 8

dark area in the nucleus where the cell begins to make ribosomes

Answer 8

nucleolus

Question 9

cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis; amino acids are hooked together to make proteins

Answer 9

ribosome

Question 10

the organellethat is a system of folded membranes that makes lipids, breaks down drugs and other substances, and packages proteins for the Golgi complex

Answer 10

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

any one of 20 different organic molecules that are used to make proteins

Answer 11

amino acids

Question 12

the organelle that breaks down food (sugar) molecules to make ATP (makes energy)

Answer 12

mitochondria

Question 13

cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell

Answer 13

Golgi complex

Question 14

a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell (moves materials in a cell)

Answer 14

vescicle

Question 15

the organelle that digests food articles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders (contains digestive enzymes)

Answer 15

lysosome

Question 16

a group of compounds that do not dissolve in water (control the movement in a cell)

Answer 16

lipids

Question 17

a lipid that contains phosphorus

Answer 17

phospholipid

Question 18

water fearing; lipids are this

Answer 18

hydrophobic

Question 19

water loving; phospholipids are this (outer part of the membrane)

Answer 19

hydrophilic

Question 20

a process where plants and algae use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar and oxygen

Answer 20

photosynthesis

Question 21

chloroplasts are green because of this, a green pigment (traps sunlight and uses it to make sugar for the plant cell)

Answer 21

chlorophyll

Question 22

organelles in plant and algae cells in which photosynthesis takes place

Answer 22

chloroplast

Question 23

an organelle that stores water and other materials (bigger in a plant cell because plants make their own food)

Answer 23

vacuole