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Immunology 3 > #12 Emerging Viruses > Flashcards

#12 Emerging Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

saw UN troops get this in Korea

A

Hanta Virus:

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2
Q

Symptoms: fever, hemorrhage, headache, acute renal fail and 5-10% mortality

A

Hanta virus

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3
Q
  • Acute onset pulmonary edema
  • shock
  • death
A

Hanta virus
Acute pulmonary syndrome
identified as Hantavirus or ‘Sin Nombre virus’

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4
Q

] Virus host: deer mouse transmitted by human close contact/ aerosolized virus from droppings/urine

A

hanta virus

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5
Q

c. Disease: Hantivirus-induced Pulmonary Syndrome or induced Cardio-pulmonary syndrome

A
  • saw pulmonary edeam and death w/in days

d. Emergence: increased contact with mice d/t high rainfall, plentifull food for mice, increased mice populatin

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6
Q

Control of hantavirus

A

none really.. be cafeful of mouse shit

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7
Q
  1. Arthorpod-borne (Arbo) viruses cause three general types of disease:
A

Fever+/- maculopapular rash and Hemorrhagic fever

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8
Q

West nile and Dengue are Flavivirus
WN:
Dengue:

A

WN:cuases mild fever or serious encephalitis

Dengue :causes fever or more serious hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome

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9
Q

causes fever or more serious hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome

A

dengue virus

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10
Q

Emergence of WNV/SCR and dengue dt

A

Emergence of these viruses/disease d/t increased range of ventor (dengue) or indroduction of virus reservroir (bird, human, mosquito) into new area of West Nile

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11
Q

History of WNV

A
  • 1999 see unusual deaths of exotic birds in Bronx and then crows and jays in NYC
  • virsds and Culex pipeins mosquitoes tested + for WN
  • not long after, human cases noted
  • Saw increase in West Nile virus in US in 2012 ~ could be d/t weather (such as mild winter and hot summer)
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12
Q

Transmission of arboviral encephalitis:

WNV or SLE and Dengue

A

Virus reservior in birds→ to arthropod as vector (mosquito) or the culex pipeins which drinks infected blood from bird→ transmists to uninfected bird→Horse or uman are IG dead end hosts

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13
Q

Clincal features of WN fever

A

Fever, fatigue, swollen lymph glands, headache, skin rash, eye pain

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14
Q

Severe WN fever

A

meningitis, encephalitis: see fever, ataxia, myelitis and change in mental status

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15
Q

Diagnosis of WNV infection: relies on high index of clinical suspicion and results of specific lab tests

A

adults over 50 of age or older with unexplained encephalis or menintigits in later summer/fall
-l (dead birds)

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16
Q

Dengue fever symptoms

A

Dengue Fever- fever, muslce/bone pain, joint pain and lymphadenopathy

17
Q

Dengue hemorrhagic

A

fever or dengue shock syndrome- occur when antibody against one serotype infected with another serotype-see increased infection macrophages causing more inflammatory cytokine release- rupture vaculature, internal bleeding, plasma loss, shock–mortality

18
Q

occur when antibody against one serotype infected with another serotype-see increased infection macrophages causing more inflammatory cytokine release- rupture vaculature, internal bleeding, plasma loss, shock–mortality

A

Dengue shock syndrome

19
Q

Test for Dengue

A

ELISA for antibody (determine sertoype),

positive tourniquet test (cause petechiae due to weak vasculature)

20
Q

Control of Dengue fever

A

Preventing by controling vector (mosquito)

21
Q

Dengue Emerge due to

A

increased range vector (serotypes spreading)

22
Q

How many serotypes are there for dengue

A

4

23
Q

What is bad about receiving mom’s antiBs in regards to denguq

A

they can act like the non-neutralizing antiB and complex with another dengue strain

24
Q

Infected monocytes release vasoactive mediators that cause

A

increae vascular pemeability and hemorhhage

when we have complex of non-neutralizing antiB and a 2nd denguq vrus

25
Q

(DF) or breakbone fever and fever, muslces/ bone pain, joint pain and lymphadenopathy

A

dengue fever

26
Q

recap on dengue shock syndrome

A

1st infetion, Dengue 1 we have the Neutralizing antiB to type 1 Dengue virus as well as non-neutralizing antiB
2nd infection w/ dif serotype→ see a complex of non-neutralizing antiB from 1st infeciton complexes with 2nd virus: facilitates uptake of virus by macrophage or increased entry into productive infection of mononuclear cells (this antibody can be maternal antibody)
*the incted monocytes release vasoactive mediators and inrease vascular permeability—hemorrhage
Diagnosis of Dengue hemorhagic fever

27
Q

Relatively rare disease occuring in Africa and was first isolated in 1958 in lab monkeys but later shown to infect other animals, including the African squirrel

A

Monkeypox

28
Q

Poxvirus with first human case identified in 1970 but not generally fatal, do see deaths in Africa
-Outbreak of moneypox occurred in US midwest, inclduing 39 cases in WI

A

monkeypox

29
Q

Why were pet owners in WI getting monkepox

A

African squirrel→ African Rats→ Prarier dogs they were house with→ went to pet owners

30
Q

Incubation of monkeypox

I

A

12 days

31
Q

Symptoms of monkeypox

A

fever, headache, muscle aches, backache, swollen lymph, fatigue
1-3 days past point of fever starting, rash develops—rasied bumps filled with fluid, will crust, scab and fall off
-Illness for 2-4 weeks

32
Q

What happens 1-3 days after you start getting a fever from monkeypox?

A

raised rash with bumps that fill up and crust

33
Q

duration of moneypox

A

2-4 weeks

34
Q

little girl gets new prairie dog pet, stars to feel shiity with fever headache… 1-3 days after that she gets raised, pustule filled bumps

A

monkeypox

35
Q

monkey pox shares aintigenicty to ______ so we can controll monkey box with this vaccine

A

small pox

36
Q

last STD emerging diease d/t lifestype/trave/sex trade

A

HIV

Immunology 3 (20 decks)

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