1.2: Carbohydrates and monosaccharides COPY Flashcards
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are:
- Carbon molecules (carbon)
combined with
- Water (hydrate)
Carbohydrates are carbon molecules (carbon) combined with water (hydrate).
Some carbohydrate molecules are small, while others are large.
Carbon atoms have an unusual feature.
Carbon atoms very readily form bonds with other carbon atoms.
This allows what?
This allows a sequence of carbon atoms of various lengths to be built up
Carbohydrates are carbon molecules (carbon) combined with water (hydrate).
Some carbohydrate molecules are small, while others are large.
Carbon atoms have an unusual feature.
Carbon atoms very readily form bonds with other carbon atoms.
This allows a sequence of carbon atoms of various lengths to be built up.
These form what?
These form a ‘backbone’ along which other atoms can be attached
Carbohydrates are carbon molecules (carbon) combined with water (hydrate).
Some carbohydrate molecules are small, while others are large.
Carbon atoms have an unusual feature.
Carbon atoms very readily form bonds with other carbon atoms.
This allows a sequence of carbon atoms of various lengths to be built up.
These form a ‘backbone’ along which other atoms can be attached.
This permits what?
This permits a large number of different:
- Types
- Sizes
of molecules, all based on carbon
Carbohydrates are carbon molecules (carbon) combined with water (hydrate).
Some carbohydrate molecules are small, while others are large.
Carbon atoms have an unusual feature.
Carbon atoms very readily form bonds with other carbon atoms.
This allows a sequence of carbon atoms of various lengths to be built up.
These form a ‘backbone’ along which other atoms can be attached.
This permits a large number of different types and sizes of molecules, all based on carbon.
The variety of life that exists on Earth is a consequence of what?
The variety of life that exists on Earth is a consequence of living organisms being based on the versatile carbon atom
Organic molecules
Organic molecules are molecules containing carbon
The variety of life that exists on Earth is a consequence of living organisms being based on the versatile carbon atom.
Carbon containing molecules are known as organic molecules.
In living organisms, there are relatively few what?
In living organisms, there are relatively few other atoms that attach to carbon
The variety of life that exists on Earth is a consequence of living organisms being based on the versatile carbon atom.
Carbon containing molecules are known as organic molecules.
In living organisms, there are relatively few other atoms that attach to carbon.
Life is therefore what?
Life is therefore based on a small number of chemical elements
In Biology, certain prefixes are commonly used to indicate numbers.
There are 2 systems, one based on what and the other on what?
There are 2 systems:
- One based on Latin
- The other on Greek
In Biology, certain prefixes are commonly used to indicate numbers.
There are 2 systems, one based on Latin and the other on Greek.
The Greek terms which are used when referring to chemicals are: Mono = ?
Mono = One
In Biology, certain prefixes are commonly used to indicate numbers.
There are 2 systems, one based on Latin and the other on Greek.
The Greek terms which are used when referring to chemicals are: Di = ?
Di = 2
In Biology, certain prefixes are commonly used to indicate numbers.
There are 2 systems, one based on Latin and the other on Greek.
The Greek terms which are used when referring to chemicals are: Tri = ?
Tri = 3
In Biology, certain prefixes are commonly used to indicate numbers.
There are 2 systems, one based on Latin and the other on Greek.
The Greek terms which are used when referring to chemicals are: Tetra = ?
Tetra = 4
In Biology, certain prefixes are commonly used to indicate numbers.
There are 2 systems, one based on Latin and the other on Greek.
The Greek terms which are used when referring to chemicals are: Penta = ?
Penta = 5
In Biology, certain prefixes are commonly used to indicate numbers.
There are 2 systems, one based on Latin and the other on Greek.
The Greek terms which are used when referring to chemicals are: Hexa = ?
Hexa = 6
In Biology, certain prefixes are commonly used to indicate numbers.
There are 2 systems, one based on Latin and the other on Greek.
The Greek terms which are used when referring to chemicals are: Poly = ?
Poly = Many
Many organic molecules, including carbohydrates, are made up of what?
Many organic molecules, including carbohydrates, are made up of a chain of individual molecules
Many organic molecules, including carbohydrates, are made up of a chain of individual molecules.
Each of the individual molecules that make up these chains is given the general name what?
Each of the individual molecules that make up these chains is given the general name monomer
Monomer
A monomer is one of many small molecules that combine to form a larger molecule known as a polymer
Polymer
A polymer is a large molecule made up of repeating smaller molecules, monomers
Examples of monomers include what?
Examples of monomers include:
- Monosaccharides
- Amino acids
- Nucleotides
Many organic molecules, including carbohydrates, are made up of a chain of individual molecules.
Each of the individual molecules that make up these chains is given the general name monomer.
Monomers can join together to form what called polymers?
Monomers can join together to form long chains called polymers
Many organic molecules, including carbohydrates, are made up of a chain of individual molecules.
Each of the individual molecules that make up these chains is given the general name monomer.
Monomers can join together to form long chains called polymers.
Biological molecules like carbohydrates and proteins are often what?
Biological molecules like:
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
are often polymers
Examples of polymers
Examples of polymers are:
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
