11.9 Flight Controls Flashcards by Dylan Sinclair

What is the primary purpose of flight control systems?
A) To manage fuel consumption
B) To control the forces of flight and aircraft direction/attitude
C) To monitor engine temperature

B) To control the forces of flight and aircraft direction/attitude

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What type of aircraft typically still uses mechanical flight control systems?
A) Large commercial jets
B) High-speed military aircraft
C) Small general and sports category aircraft

C) Small general and sports category aircraft

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What components are used in mechanical flight control systems?
A) Electric motors and fibre optics
B) Rods, cables, pulleys, and chains
C) Computer processors and screens

B) Rods, cables, pulleys, and chains

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Why did hydromechanical systems replace basic mechanical systems in more advanced aircraft?
A) They increased engine thrust
B) They made aircraft more environmentally friendly
C) They reduced the weight and limitations of mechanical systems

C) They reduced the weight and limitations of mechanical systems

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What is “fly-by-wire” in aviation?
A) A type of autopilot function
B) A flight control system where physical connections are replaced by electrical interfaces
C) A wireless communication system

B) A flight control system where physical connections are replaced by electrical interfaces

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In fly-by-wire and augmented control systems, how is control feedback provided to the flight crew?
A) Through visual displays
B) Through tactile feedback via control sticks
C) Through simulated means

C) Through simulated means

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What are the three primary flight control surfaces?
A) Flaps, slats, and spoilers
B) Ailerons, elevators, and rudder
C) Trim tabs, ailerons, and spoilers

B) Ailerons, elevators, and rudder

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Which axis is controlled by the ailerons?
A) Lateral
B) Vertical
C) Longitudinal

C) Longitudinal

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What effect does upward deflection of the right aileron have?
A) It increases lift on the right wing
B) It decreases lift on the right wing
C) It decreases drag

B) It decreases lift on the right wing

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What happens when the pilot moves the yoke/sidestick to the right?
A) Both ailerons deflect downward
B) The aircraft rolls to the right
C) The elevators raise

B) The aircraft rolls to the right

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Which axis is controlled by the elevators?
A) Lateral
B) Vertical
C) Longitudinal

A) Lateral

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What movement of the control column causes the aircraft nose to pitch up?
A) Forward movement
B) Lateral movement
C) Aft movement

C) Aft movement

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What aerodynamic effect causes the aircraft tail to move down during pitch-up?
A) Increased lift on the tail
B) Decreased lift on the tail
C) Increased downward aerodynamic force on the tail

C) Increased downward aerodynamic force on the tail

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Which axis is controlled by the rudder?
A) Longitudinal
B) Lateral
C) Vertical

C) Vertical

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How is the rudder controlled from the flight deck?
A) By joystick
B) By control wheel
C) By rudder pedals

C) By rudder pedals

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What is the effect of pushing the left rudder pedal?
A) The nose yaws to the left
B) The nose yaws to the right
C) The tail moves to the left

A) The nose yaws to the left

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What is the primary purpose of trim systems in an aircraft?
A) To increase speed during cruise
B) To reduce the workload on the flight crew to maintain an attitude
C) To improve engine efficiency

B) To reduce the workload on the flight crew to maintain an attitude

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How do trim tabs function in relation to the main control surface?
A) They move in the same direction
B) They amplify movement
C) They move in the opposite direction

C) They move in the opposite direction

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What kind of control system are trim tabs typically associated with?
A) Fully electric fly-by-wire systems
B) Manually operated primary flying controls
C) Autopilot systems

B) Manually operated primary flying controls

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Which type of trim tab is directly linked to the control surface and helps the pilot overcome control forces?
A) Trim tab
B) Servo tab
C) Balance tab

C) Balance tab

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What is the main function of a servo tab?
A) Provide trim during take-off
B) Aerodynamically assist in positioning a control surface
C) Balance forces at low speeds

B) Aerodynamically assist in positioning a control surface

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Which trim tab type increases the force required to move the control surface, desensitising the controls?
A) Spring tab
B) Anti-servo tab
C) Balance tab

B) Anti-servo tab

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What is a unique characteristic of spring tabs?
A) They move in the same direction as the control surface
B) They are active during slow flight
C) They assist only at high speeds

C) They assist only at high speeds

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In modern aircraft, how is trim typically achieved without the use of trim tabs?
A) Manually by the pilot pulling levers
B) By autopilot alone
C) By small movements of the control surfaces via hydraulic actuators

C) By small movements of the control surfaces via hydraulic actuators

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What is ‘Mach Trim’? A) A device that trims the engine power B) A system to adjust trim at transonic speeds C) A method of calculating trim angle

How is lateral trim typically controlled in modern aircraft? A) Rudder pedals B) A switch on the centre console C) A trim wheel on the control stand

B) A switch on the centre console

What system displays trim positions to the flight crew in modern aircraft? A) FMS B) EICAS or ECAM C) MCDU

B) EICAS or ECAM

How is yaw trim (directional trim) typically adjusted in modern aircraft? A) Via the rudder pedals B) With a rotary knob on the centre console C) Through the autopilot panel only

B) With a rotary knob on the centre console

How do flight crew manually command longitudinal trim? A) By rotating the elevator trim wheel B) Using pitch trim switches on the control wheels C) Through foot pedals

B) Using pitch trim switches on the control wheels

What happens when the stabiliser trim cut-out switches are used? A) They reset the stabiliser to neutral B) They engage the autopilot C) They shut off hydraulic pressure to the trim motors

C) They shut off hydraulic pressure to the trim motors

What indicates the correct stabiliser position for take-off? A) A red line on the control display B) A green band on the stabiliser position indicators C) A warning light on the PFD

B) A green band on the stabiliser position indicators

What is the main reason modern aircraft wings are more flexible? A) To improve manufacturing simplicity B) To support engine placement C) To reduce weight and increase aerodynamic performance

C) To reduce weight and increase aerodynamic performance

What are the two main techniques of Active Load Alleviation (ALA)? A) Pitch Dampening and Speed Trim B) Roll Damping and Rudder Ratio Control C) Manoeuvre Load Control (MLC) and Gust Load Alleviation (GLA)

C) Manoeuvre Load Control (MLC) and Gust Load Alleviation (GLA)

What effect do deformations caused by aerodynamic loads have on a wing? A) They decrease the aircraft’s speed B) They change the aerodynamic loads on the wing C) They increase fuel consumption

B) They change the aerodynamic loads on the wing

How does MLC reduce wing root bending moments? A) By increasing the total lift B) By moving the centre of lift outboard C) By reducing outboard lift and increasing inboard lift

C) By reducing outboard lift and increasing inboard lift

In the MLC technique, which flight control surfaces are primarily used? A) Elevators and rudders B) Ailerons and lift spoilers C) Flaps and slats

B) Ailerons and lift spoilers

Which of the following best describes the purpose of Gust Load Alleviation (GLA)? A) To improve stall performance B) To reduce the aerodynamic loads caused by wind gusts C) To help with engine thrust balancing

B) To reduce the aerodynamic loads caused by wind gusts

What type of control input is associated with a feedback loop in GLA systems? A) Airspeed changes B) Pilot joystick movement C) Wing tip acceleration data

C) Wing tip acceleration data

What impact do vertical gusts have on an aircraft? A) They increase engine output B) They reduce drag C) They change the angle of attack and increase wing stress

C) They change the angle of attack and increase wing stress

In a GLA system, what allows real-time adjustment of control surfaces during gusts? A) Winglets B) Static balancing weights C) Accelerometers at the wing tips

C) Accelerometers at the wing tips

Why are ailerons effective in reducing root bending moments in GLA? A) They are large and placed inboard B) They control lift across the entire span C) They are located in the outer 30% of the wing and can affect root bending significantly

C) They are located in the outer 30% of the wing and can affect root bending significantly

What is the effect of combining both feedback and feed-forward control systems? A) Reduced control accuracy B) Higher fuel burn C) Enhanced control performance and response

C) Enhanced control performance and response

What is one benefit of employing both MLC and GLA in aircraft design? A) Reduced wing flexibility B) Elimination of structural loads C) Weight savings or ability to increase wingspan for the same weight

C) Weight savings or ability to increase wingspan for the same weight

What is the primary purpose of high lift devices on aircraft wings? A) Reduce drag at high speeds B) Increase cruise efficiency C) Increase lift and control at slow speeds

C) Increase lift and control at slow speeds

Which of the following is not a type of trailing edge flap? A) Slotted B) Fowler C) Krueger

C) Krueger

What effect do trailing edge flaps have when deployed? A) Decrease camber and lift B) Increase camber and lift C) Reduce wing area

B) Increase camber and lift

How do slotted flaps improve aerodynamic performance? A) By acting as air brakes B) By increasing lift via air circulation through the slot C) By increasing weight and drag

B) By increasing lift via air circulation through the slot

What distinguishes Fowler flaps from other trailing edge flaps? A) They rotate instead of sliding B) They include spoiler segments C) They slide rearward and increase wing area

C) They slide rearward and increase wing area

What benefit does a slotted Fowler flap provide over a regular Fowler flap? A) Less lift B) Higher drag with less separation C) Better cruise performance

B) Higher drag with less separation

What is the main function of leading edge flaps? A) To reduce fuel consumption B) To increase wing thickness C) To increase lift and delay airflow separation

C) To increase lift and delay airflow separation

What is the key difference between fixed slots and movable slots? A) Fixed slots increase camber B) Movable slots only function during descent C) Movable slots extend automatically at high angles of attack

C) Movable slots extend automatically at high angles of attack

Which leading edge device is fixed and extends the leading edge permanently? A) Movable slots B) Leading edge flaps C) Leading edge cuffs

C) Leading edge cuffs

Which device rotates out from beneath the wing and increases camber without changing the wing’s upper surface? A) Slat B) Krueger flap C) Plain flap

B) Krueger flap

What pitching moment is associated with Krueger flap deployment? A) Nose-down B) Neutral C) Nose-up

C) Nose-up

What material is becoming more common in flap construction for weight savings? A) Titanium B) Wood laminate C) Composite

C) Composite

What is a primary function of spoilers during flight? A) Increase lift during take-off B) Assist in roll control C) Enhance engine thrust

B) Assist in roll control

When are ground spoilers typically deployed? A) During cruise to reduce lift B) Only during take-off C) During landing roll or rejected take-off

C) During landing roll or rejected take-off

How are speed brakes typically used by the flight crew? A) Automatically via airspeed sensors B) Manually using a lever C) Through flap settings

B) Manually using a lever

What is the main aerodynamic effect of deploying speed brakes? A) Decreased drag B) Increased thrust C) Increased drag and reduced lift

C) Increased drag and reduced lift

How do spoilers behave during roll control? A) Both wings’ spoilers extend simultaneously B) Spoilers on one wing extend while the others remain retracted C) All spoilers retract

B) Spoilers on one wing extend while the others remain retracted

What flight control input does the flight crew use to activate roll spoilers? A) Speed brake lever B) Rudder pedals C) Control wheel or sidestick

C) Control wheel or sidestick

What condition must typically be met for ground spoilers to deploy automatically? A) Flaps fully retracted B) Weight on wheels C) Cabin doors closed

B) Weight on wheels

What is the term used when spoilers are deployed to rapidly eliminate lift after landing? A) Drag assist B) Lift dump C) Stall recovery

B) Lift dump

What do speed brakes primarily assist with in flight? A) Increasing rate of climb B) Reducing descent rate C) Increasing descent rate and reducing speed

C) Increasing descent rate and reducing speed

What happens to spoiler panels during a full lift dump deployment? A) Only outer spoilers deploy B) All spoiler panels extend to maximum angle C) No spoilers deploy unless commanded manually

B) All spoiler panels extend to maximum angle

On what control stand is the speed brake lever usually found in the cockpit? A) Overhead panel B) Aisle stand C) Control yoke

B) Aisle stand

What secondary flight control surfaces are often used for both speed reduction and roll control? A) Flaps B) Ailerons C) Spoilers

C) Spoilers

What is the primary purpose of a gust lock in a cable control system? A) To increase lift on takeoff B) To limit control surface travel C) To prevent damage from external wind forces

C) To prevent damage from external wind forces

Which of the following cable types is commonly used in aircraft control systems? A) 3×3 cable B) 7×7 or 7×19 flexible steel cable C) 9×9 braided aluminum

B) 7×7 or 7×19 flexible steel cable

What is the function of fairleads in a control cable system? A) To change direction of cable movement B) To drive control surface deflection C) To guide and protect cables and reduce vibration

C) To guide and protect cables and reduce vibration

What tool is used to measure cable tension? A) Torque wrench B) Caliper C) Tensiometer

C) Tensiometer

What happens when you push the pointer lock on a tensiometer? A) The dial resets to zero B) The reading is frozen so it can be viewed later C) The riser is ejected

B) The reading is frozen so it can be viewed later

Which of the following is a disadvantage of push-pull rods compared to cables? A) Cannot transmit compressive forces B) More prone to corrosion C) Heavier and harder to route

C) Heavier and harder to route

Why are torque tubes used in aircraft control systems? A) To redirect electrical signals B) To transmit torsional (twisting) force C) To hold cables in alignment

B) To transmit torsional (twisting) force

How do screw jacks function in flight control systems? A) Convert linear motion to electrical output B) Allow fluid to pass and actuate surfaces C) Convert rotary motion to linear movement

C) Convert rotary motion to linear movement

What component is commonly used to change the direction of movement in mechanical linkages? A) Torque tube B) Bell crank C) Cable drum

B) Bell crank

What type of motion can push-pull control rods transmit? A) Only pulling B) Only pushing C) Both push and pull

C) Both push and pull

What factor must be considered when adjusting cable tension due to environmental effects? A) Altitude B) Humidity C) Ambient temperature

C) Ambient temperature

What does a cable tension regulator do? A) Reduces tension over time B) Maintains consistent cable tension despite temperature and structural changes C) Monitors pressure in hydraulic systems

B) Maintains consistent cable tension despite temperature and structural changes

Why did aircraft require power flying control systems as they became faster and more complex? A) To automate navigation B) To increase range C) To assist the flight crew in overcoming aerodynamic forces

C) To assist the flight crew in overcoming aerodynamic forces

What type of control system allows aerodynamic loads to provide feedback to the flight crew? A) Irreversible control system B) Reversible control system C) Electrical control system

B) Reversible control system

How is a simple hydraulic servo unit typically activated by the flight crew? A) By adjusting the altimeter B) By pressing a button C) Through mechanical movement opening and closing servo valves

C) Through mechanical movement opening and closing servo valves

What are two main ways to achieve hydraulic system redundancy? A) Backup batteries and relays B) Multiple systems and multiple pressure sources C) Duplicate control surfaces and winglets

B) Multiple systems and multiple pressure sources

What are the two main functions of a Hydraulic Power Control Unit (PCU)? A) Cool hydraulic fluid and reduce vibration B) Transmit engine torque and increase lift C) Position control surfaces and withstand flight loads

C) Position control surfaces and withstand flight loads

Which components are typically found in a PCU? A) Ailerons and elevators B) Batteries and circuit breakers C) Servo valve, actuator, shutoff valves, check valves

C) Servo valve, actuator, shutoff valves, check valves

What are the two main sections of the servo control unit? A) Feedback and forward loop B) Power and distribution sections C) Valve and wiring sections

B) Power and distribution sections

What does the bypass valve do in its spring-loaded position? A) Connects the servo valve to the actuator B) Connects left and right cylinder chambers C) Opens electrical circuits

B) Connects left and right cylinder chambers

What mode is the servo control unit in when hydraulic pressure is off? A) Blocking mode B) Normal mode C) Damping mode

C) Damping mode

In a power-assisted control system, what happens during hydraulic failure? A) The aircraft loses all control B) The pilot can still operate the controls C) Automatic control takes over

B) The pilot can still operate the controls

What is used in a servo loop to stop the piston rod in a pre-selected intermediate position? A) Aileron trim tabs B) Actual position signal C) Pneumatic sensor

B) Actual position signal

In a fully powered control system, how does the pilot get control feedback? A) Through physical cables B) Through artificial feel systems C) Through elevator trim

B) Through artificial feel systems

Why are pneumatic systems not widely used in primary flight controls? A) They are too expensive B) They are too heavy C) Air is compressible

C) Air is compressible

What type of motors are used in the B747 leading edge flap drive units? A) Hydraulic only B) Pneumatic and electric C) Mechanical and wind-powered

B) Pneumatic and electric

In an electrically actuated PCU, how is the servo valve controlled? A) By pneumatic pressure B) By mechanical linkage C) By electrical signals

C) By electrical signals

What feedback device is used to monitor servo valve spool position? A) Gyroscope B) Potentiometer C) Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT)

C) Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT)

What happens in the PCU bypass mode? A) Control pressure is enhanced B) EHSV takes full control C) Hydraulic flow is allowed freely between both sides of the piston

C) Hydraulic flow is allowed freely between both sides of the piston

What mode prevents upward movement of the ailerons at cruise speed? A) Normal mode B) Bypass mode C) Blocking/damped mode

C) Blocking/damped mode

What major benefit does Fly-by-Wire (FBW) provide over mechanical controls? A) Improved visibility B) Weight savings C) Higher top speed

B) Weight savings

How is flight crew input processed in a fly-by-wire system? A) Converted to electronic signals and analyzed by computers B) Directly linked to control surfaces C) Transmitted through vacuum lines

A) Converted to electronic signals and analyzed by computers

What type of feedback is used in FBW to adjust control actuators without pilot knowledge? A) Stick shaker B) Visual alarm C) Sensors detecting movement in pitch, roll, and yaw

C) Sensors detecting movement in pitch, roll, and yaw

What test function ensures the FBW system is working properly before flight? A) Runway calibration B) Built In Test Equipment (BITE) C) Manual override

B) Built In Test Equipment (BITE)

What is a flight control law in fly-by-wire systems? A) Legal regulation B) Algorithm transforming control inputs into control surface movement C) Backup mechanical mode

B) Algorithm transforming control inputs into control surface movement

What is one of the main advantages of fly-by-wireless over traditional FBW? A) Faster aircraft B) No need for actuators C) Reduced maintenance and weight

C) Reduced maintenance and weight

What is the primary reason for installing a feel unit in an aircraft with a hydraulic transmission system? A) To provide artificial feedback on air-load effects B) To reduce the amount of hydraulic fluid used C) To increase the airspeed of the aircraft

A) To provide artificial feedback on air-load effects

What does the feel unit in a hydraulic control system simulate? A) A larger air-load than the actual one B) A smaller air-load than the actual one C) The direct effect of the control surface movement

B) A smaller air-load than the actual one

Which mechanism is commonly used to generate artificial feel in a flight control system? A) A spring-loaded cam mechanism B) A spring box mechanism C) An electronic feedback system

B) A spring box mechanism

In the ‘Q’ pot feel system, what causes the diaphragm to move? A) The speed of the aircraft B) The aircraft's altitude C) The control surface input

A) The speed of the aircraft

Which of the following is true about the artificial feel system when both spring and hydraulic units are used together? A) The spring system is used only at high speeds B) The hydraulic system is used for low-speed operations C) Both systems are required to provide adequate resistance at different speeds

C) Both systems are required to provide adequate resistance at different speeds

What is the role of the yaw damper system? A) To prevent Dutch Roll motion and control yaw oscillations B) To provide feedback on aileron control inputs C) To trim the aircraft’s altitude during flight

A) To prevent Dutch Roll motion and control yaw oscillations

How does a yaw damper system control yaw? A) It provides inputs to the rudder based on the yaw rate of the aircraft B) It automatically adjusts the aircraft's speed C) It controls the engine thrust to maintain balance

A) It provides inputs to the rudder based on the yaw rate of the aircraft

What happens when the aircraft reaches the Critical Mach Number (MCrit)? A) The aircraft experiences a reduction in lift and a change in handling characteristics B) The aircraft automatically reduces its speed C) The aircraft enters a state of positive G-force

A) The aircraft experiences a reduction in lift and a change in handling characteristics

What is the purpose of Mach trim in aircraft flight control systems? A) To increase the aircraft’s speed as it passes through the transonic region B) To counteract Mach tuck and maintain level flight attitude C) To automatically adjust the rudder deflection during high-speed flight

B) To counteract Mach tuck and maintain level flight attitude

How does the rudder limiter help high-speed aircraft? A) It allows for more control surface deflection during high-speed operations B) It restricts control surface deflection to prevent structural overload C) It reduces the aircraft's weight during flight

B) It restricts control surface deflection to prevent structural overload

What is the purpose of a gust lock system in aircraft? A) To lock the flight controls when the aircraft is parked B) To improve the aircraft’s fuel efficiency C) To increase the aircraft's maximum operating speed

A) To lock the flight controls when the aircraft is parked

What is typically included with gust lock systems to ensure they are removed before flight? A) A special warning light inside the cockpit B) A "REMOVE BEFORE FLIGHT" streamer or tag C) A warning sound emitted by the aircraft's engine

B) A "REMOVE BEFORE FLIGHT" streamer or tag

What type of aircraft typically requires a rudder limiter? A) Aircraft with low-speed ranges, like small private planes B) Aircraft that operate at high speeds, such as commercial jets C) Aircraft that operate only in low-altitude environments

B) Aircraft that operate at high speeds, such as commercial jets

What must be done when weight is added to a control surface during a repair? A) The control surface must be painted B) The control surface must be rebalanced C) The control surface must be replaced

B) The control surface must be rebalanced

What is the main purpose of checking the balance of control surfaces when an aircraft is repainted? A) To ensure the surface remains streamlined during flight B) To check for structural weaknesses C) To enhance the paint adhesion

A) To ensure the surface remains streamlined during flight

What does it mean if a control surface is underbalanced? A) The weight is too far forward of the hinge center line B) The weight is too far behind the hinge center line C) The control surface moves too much

B) The weight is too far behind the hinge center line

What is the tendency of a control surface in static balance? A) It stays in motion B) It remains stationary when supported by its center of gravity C) It constantly rotates

B) It remains stationary when supported by its center of gravity

How is the position of a control surface checked for static balance? A) By measuring its speed during flight B) By observing its movement when placed on a balance stand C) By checking the fuel level in the aircraft

B) By observing its movement when placed on a balance stand

What is the preferred static balance for control surfaces according to most manufacturers? A) Nose-heavy static overbalance B) Tail-heavy static overbalance C) No specific preference for static balance

A) Nose-heavy static overbalance

What does dynamic balance refer to in aircraft control surfaces? A) The balance of the control surfaces when stationary B) The balance of rotating forces within a moving body C) The total weight of the aircraft

B) The balance of rotating forces within a moving body

What is the purpose of using a bubble protractor during the rebalancing procedure? A) To measure the weight of the control surface B) To determine the neutral position before balancing C) To check the temperature of the control surface

B) To determine the neutral position before balancing

Which balancing method allows for the control surface to remain mounted on the aircraft? A) Scale method B) Calculation method C) Balance beam method

B) Calculation method

What is the balance beam method used for? A) Balancing flight control surfaces without removing them B) Balancing control surfaces that are too large to remove C) Balancing control surfaces after repairs, specific to Cessna and Piper aircraft

C) Balancing control surfaces after repairs, specific to Cessna and Piper aircraft

What material is commonly used to balance control surfaces? A) Lead or steel B) Aluminum or titanium C) Plastic or composite materials

A) Lead or steel

What does the rigging process of an aircraft involve? A) Adjusting the aircraft’s engine power B) Adjusting the travel and tension of flight control surfaces C) Modifying the aerodynamics of the aircraft’s wings

B) Adjusting the travel and tension of flight control surfaces

What is the first step in the aircraft rigging process? A) Adjust the travel stops on the control surfaces B) Establish the correct position of each component in the transmission system C) Set the control surface angles to their limits

B) Establish the correct position of each component in the transmission system

Which tool is used to ensure a control system is in its neutral position during rigging? A) A scale B) A rig pin C) A protractor

B) A rig pin

What should be checked after a control system has been rigged and adjusted? A) The fuel consumption B) The aircraft's engine temperature C) The full and synchronized movement of the controls

C) The full and synchronized movement of the controls

What is the purpose of control surface travel stops during the rigging process? A) To limit the movement of control surfaces to specified dimensions B) To increase the aircraft’s speed during flight C) To decrease the weight of the control surfaces

A) To limit the movement of control surfaces to specified dimensions

What must be ensured when using adjustable or non-adjustable stops in the rigging process? A) The stops must be in a neutral position only B) The stops must limit the throw range of the ailerons, elevator, and rudder C) The stops must be removed before flight

B) The stops must limit the throw range of the ailerons, elevator, and rudder

What is used to measure the angles of control surface travel during the rigging process? A) Rulers B) Protractors C) Temperature gauges

B) Protractors

What is the primary purpose of the stall warning system on modern jet aircraft? A) To provide fuel efficiency data to the flight crew B) To alert the flight crew when a stall is imminent C) To adjust the aircraft's speed during flight

B) To alert the flight crew when a stall is imminent

How does the stall warning system alert the flight crew of an impending stall? A) By activating an alarm sound in the cockpit B) By illuminating a warning light C) By causing a violent shaking motion in the control column

C) By causing a violent shaking motion in the control column

What is the function of the stick nudger or pusher in some aircraft? A) To initiate a stall in the aircraft B) To prevent a stall by altering the control column position C) To provide extra thrust during takeoff

B) To prevent a stall by altering the control column position

What does pitch attitude refer to in aircraft terms? A) The angle between the aircraft’s wings and the tail B) The angle between the aircraft’s longitudinal axis and the horizon C) The angle between the aircraft’s wings and the horizontal stabilizer

B) The angle between the aircraft’s longitudinal axis and the horizon

How is pitch attitude typically displayed in modern aircraft? A) On the altimeter B) On the attitude indicator or artificial horizon C) On the vertical speed indicator

B) On the attitude indicator or artificial horizon

What data does the pitch attitude system use to inform the flight crew about the angle of attack? A) Wind speed B) Angle of attack measurement from the angle of attack vanes C) Barometric pressure

B) Angle of attack measurement from the angle of attack vanes

What is the function of the Pitch Limit Indicator (PLI) in many commercial aircraft? A) To show the aircraft's fuel consumption rate B) To indicate the maximum angle of attack before stalling C) To display the altitude of the aircraft

B) To indicate the maximum angle of attack before stalling

What does the angle of attack (AOA) represent? A) The speed of the aircraft B) The angle between the oncoming air and a reference line on the aircraft C) The altitude of the aircraft relative to sea level

B) The angle between the oncoming air and a reference line on the aircraft

What happens when the angle of attack becomes too large? A) The aircraft becomes more stable B) The aircraft accelerates C) Airflow separation occurs, and the aircraft stalls

C) Airflow separation occurs, and the aircraft stalls

What is the relationship between the angle of attack and lift in aircraft? A) As the angle of attack increases, lift decreases B) As the angle of attack increases, lift increases up to a point C) There is no relationship between angle of attack and lift

B) As the angle of attack increases, lift increases up to a point

What happens to the aircraft if the angle of attack increases from 10° to 18° after retracting the slats? A) The aircraft gains more lift and continues climbing B) The aircraft stalls due to airflow separation on the wing C) The aircraft loses altitude but maintains control

B) The aircraft stalls due to airflow separation on the wing

What does High Angle of Attack (AOA) Protection do? A) It increases the maximum lift capability of the wing B) It protects against stalling and wind shear C) It reduces the fuel consumption of the aircraft

B) It protects against stalling and wind shear

What takes priority over all other protection functions in modern aircraft? A) Speed control B) High Angle of Attack (AOA) Protection C) Cabin pressure control

B) High Angle of Attack (AOA) Protection

What does High Angle of Attack (AOA) Protection limit? A) The maximum speed of the aircraft B) The angle of attack commanded by the flight crew’s control column C) The aircraft’s altitude

B) The angle of attack commanded by the flight crew’s control column