11.8 Study Guide

Question 1

Why was the United Nations created?

Answer 1

The United Nations was created to promote order and world peace.

Question 2

What was the purpose/belief of the United Nations?

Answer 2

The UN was based on the belief that an international peacekeeping organization could settle disputes without warfare.

Question 3

Containment

Answer 3

Containment-creating alliances to block the spread of communism-was the only way to secure peace.

Question 4

How did the Truman Doctrine aid Greece and Turkey?

Answer 4

The Truman Doctrine program would send $400 million to Greece and Turkey to reduce the danger of a communist takeover of their governments.

Question 5

What was the purpose of the Truman Doctrine?

Answer 5

The purpose of the Truman Doctrine would be to contain communism through various means.

Question 6

Marshall Plan

Answer 6

The Marshall Plan will provide time and money for West European governments to strengthen their economies after WWII.

Question 7

What type of economic system was the Marshall Plan trying to promote?

Answer 7

The Marshall Plan was designed to promote capitalism around Europe.

Question 8

Why did Truman believe the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan were important?

Answer 8

Truman believed the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan were essential for containment.

Question 9

How did the U.S. respond to the Berlin Blockade?

Answer 9

The U.S. answered the Soviet blockade of Berlin with the Berlin Airlift which was a massive supply of food, fuel, and supplies flown into Berlin.

Question 10

What was a result of the Berlin Airlift?

Answer 10

The airlift would alleviate the animosity between former American and German enemies.
-It also led to the formation of NATO, a mutual defense treaty

Question 11

What was America’s first peacetime alliance since WWII?

Answer 11

The U.S. (It’s first peacetime military alliance since WWII), Canada, and 10 European nations form NATO to militarily oppose the spread of communism.

Question 12

Why was NATO created?

Answer 12

to militarily oppose the spread of communism.

Question 13

What was the cause of the Korean War?

Answer 13

After years of squabbling, North Korean troops following Soviet-made tanks crossed the 38th parallel into South Korea.

Question 14

What was the outcome of the Korean War?

Answer 14

The outcome would be a stalemate, ceasefire, and communism would be contained above the 38th parallel.

Question 15

Why did Eisenhower support SEATO?

Answer 15

Eisenhower supported the establishment of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) in an attempt to restrict communist aggression in Asian countries.

Question 16

What was Sputnik?

Answer 16

A few months later, the Soviets launched Sputnik-a satellite.

Question 17

What was the result of CIA operations in the Middle East?

Answer 17

A group of western oil companies and the Shah would share profits from buying and selling Iranian oil.

Question 18

Why did the U.S. support the Bay of Pigs invasion?

Answer 18

With Kennedy now President, he supported the Bay of Pigs invasion to remove Fidel Castro from power.

Question 19

Describe the Bay of Pigs invasion.

Answer 19

On April 17, 1961, 1,500 La Brigada commandos tried to land on Cuba’s Bay of Pigs.

Question 20

What was the purpose of the Bay of Pigs invasion?

Answer 20

The purpose was to land secretly and inspire a public uprising against Castro.

Question 21

What during the 1950’s and early 1960’s led to the CIA shaping world events?

Answer 21

By training anti-Castro Cubans to overthrow Fidel Castro, the CIA shaped world events.

Question 22

Explain why the outcome of the Cuban Missile Crisis was so important.

Answer 22

Both sides displayed a very serious approach and both sides made concessions and took steps to overcome dangerous developments which could have led to WWIII.

Question 23

Which event led the U.S. and the USSR to the brink of a nuclear war?

Answer 23

Cuban missile Crisis

Question 24

McCarthyism

Answer 24

The term McCarthyism is the practice of accusing citizens of disloyalty without proper evidence

Question 25

List the accomplishments of President Eisenhower.

Answer 25

• The extension of Social Security benefits
• Construction of the interstate highway system.
• The launching of Explorer I, America’s 1st satellite.

Question 26

What was a major effect of McCarthy’s witch-hunting of supposed communists in government?

Answer 26

Many careers were ruined but hardly a shred of credible evidence was produced. The practice of accusing citizens of disloyalty with proper evidence.

Question 27

How much evidence did McCarthy usually have in his accusations?

Answer 27

Many careers were ruined hardly a shred of credible evidence was produced

Question 28

What was the purpose of the GI Bill?

Answer 28

After the war, the GI bill was introduced to ease the transition from military life to civilian life.

Question 29

Explain the income situation of most Americans after the war.

Answer 29

After WWII, Americans began to accumulate discretionary income. Although the cost of consumer goods rose after the war, working-class Americans continued to prosper because their real income rose by more than 20%.

Question 30

What is the Taft-Hartley Bill?

Answer 30

In response, congress would pass the Taft-Hartley Bill which banned closed shop.

Question 31

How were the post WWII poor different from the Great Depression poor?

Answer 31

A big difference between the Great Depression poor and the new poor was that the new poor had no massive social welfare programs to help break them out of poverty.

Question 32

What was a major effect of the Baby Boom?

Answer 32

The Baby Boom will help fuel the economy.

Question 33

What impact did Rock and Roll have on America?

Answer 33

Rock and roll were viewed by many older generations as having a bad influence on younger people.

Question 34

Explain the Bracero program.

Answer 34

The federal government initiated the Bracero program during WWII in an effort to address the urgent need for agricultural laborers.

Question 35

What was the point Betty Frieden made in her book, The Femine Mystique?

Answer 35

The book uncovered the idea that many women had a sense of dissatisfaction with their roles as wives and mothers.