11.1 Study Guide

Question 1

Mayflower Compact

Answer 1

The first written document for self-government.

Question 2

List the reasons why Europeans came to America

Answer 2

To make money, have freedom of religion and political freedom.

Question 3

Stamp Act

Answer 3

Requires stamps to be placed on all printed documents. Angered colonists the most because it was a direct tax.

Question 4

Boston Massacre

Answer 4

On March 5, 1770, a colonial protest of British soldiers that turns violent.

Question 5

Boston Tea Party

Answer 5

The Sons of Liberty dressed as Mohawk Indians, sneaking aboard ships, and
dumping 350 chests of tea into the sea.

Question 6

Where did the first fighting of the American Revolution take place?

Answer 6

Lexington and Concord

Question 7

What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independence?

Answer 7

To list the reasons why the colonists wanted to separate from England.

Question 8

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Answer 8

Thomas Jefferson

Question 9

Consent of the Governed

Answer 9

Where the people give permission to be ruled or governed, promised to obey the laws, and in return the government protects the people

Question 10

List the reasons why the colonists wanted to separate from England.

Answer 10

• Taxation without representation
• Restricted trade with other countries
• Not allowed to have a local government.

Question 11

Why did many Americans believe they were justified in declaring independence?

Answer 11

Because the British government taxed the colonies without direct representation in parliament.

Question 12

The political ideas of Thomas Jefferson were influenced by what movement?

Answer 12

The Enlightenment, specifically John Locke (all men are created equal).

Question 13

John Locke

Answer 13

Believed in social contract, natural rights, and the right to change the government.

Question 14

Natural Rights

Answer 14

The belief that all people have the rights to life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness that cannot be taken away.

Question 15

Separation of Powers

Answer 15

Three equal branches of government. The Judicial (interprets laws/run by supreme court) , The Executive (enforces laws and headed by the president), and The Legislative (congress and makes laws).

Question 16

Why did many Americans want to get rid of the Articles of Confederation?

Answer 16

Congress agrees that the it made the government too weak.

Question 17

Checks and Balances

Answer 17

Prevent one branch from becoming more powerful than the other.

Question 18

Anti-Federalists

Answer 18

Americans who were against the signing of the constitution because they were afraid that a strong government would threaten the rights of the individual.

Question 19

Federalists

Answer 19

The group of Americans who wanted a strong national government and to pass the Constitution.

Question 20

Bill of Rights

Answer 20

The first 10 amendments which protect individuals rights and freedoms

Question 21

1st Amendment

Answer 21

Freedom of speech, freedom of religion

Question 22

What was the biggest challenge facing the nation following the adoption of the Constitution?

Answer 22

The power of the states vs the power of the federal government.

Question 23

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 23

Resolved the issue of how enslaved people should be counted in the population.

Question 24

What was the most important cause of the Civil War?

Answer 24

The South calls for asecession from the nation because they believed the North was acting beyond its authority.

Question 25

What belief was held by Southerners prior to the Civil War?

Answer 25

That state rights should be considered as important as the rights of the federal government.

Question 26

What led to an increase in the debate of State’s rights vs. Federal rights?

Answer 26

Issue of slavery

Question 27

Who sponsored the Dred Scott Decision?

Answer 27

Senator Stephen Douglas

Question 28

Describe the Supreme Court’s decision on Dred Scott vs. Sanford.

Answer 28

That African Americans couldn’t bring lawsuits to the Supreme Court.

Question 29

Ku Klux Klan

Answer 29

A violent group that intimidated freed slaves after the civil war.

Question 30

Jim Crow Laws

Answer 30

Laws used to enforce segregation.

Question 31

13th Amendment

Answer 31

Freed slaves after the Civil War (Emancipation Proclamation led to this Amendment)

Question 32

The Emancipation Proclamation led to which amendment?

Answer 32

The 13th amendment.

Question 33

14th Amendment

Answer 33

Gives all people born in America the right to be a citizen

Question 34

15th Amendment

Answer 34

Gives all U.S. citizens the right to vote. They made African pay and take literature tests to prevent them from voting.

Question 35

What do the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments all have in common?

Answer 35

The 13, 14, 15 Amendments increase the legal protections for African Americans.

Question 36

Which groups had a difficult time improving their lives after the Civil War?

Answer 36

Even though Freed Slaves had these new protections, they had a difficult time improving their lives after the war.

Question 37

John Wilkes Booth

Answer 37

A southerner who assassinated Lincoln on April 14, 1865.

Question 38

The Great Awakening

Answer 38

A religious movement in which people are encouraged to help the people in their community which will lead to betterment/ improvement of the community

Question 39

Worcester v. Georgia.

Answer 39

Chief Justice John Marshall first established the Supreme Court could determine the constitutionality of congressional actions in the case of Worcester v. Georgia