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M11 Resit > 11.8 > Flashcards

11.8 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of fire detectors do most modern ac use

A

Continuous loop

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2
Q

What are thermal switch systems

A

Heat sensitive units that complete electrical circuits at a certain temp

When temp gets to certain value it shuts thermal switch and completes light circuiy

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3
Q

How are the thermal switches connected

A

In parallel to each other

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4
Q

How does a thermocouple system work

A

Works on the rate of the change in temp and doesn’t give a indication when it slowly overheats or when a short circuit occurs

Two dissimilar metals (chrome and constantan)

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5
Q

What’s the usual circuit resistance of a thermocouple detector

A

5 ohms

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6
Q

What’s the usual circuit resistance of a thermocouple detector

A

5 ohms

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7
Q

What’s the usual circuit resistance of a thermocouple detector

A

5 ohms

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8
Q

What type of fire detector covers the most coverage of a fire hazard area

A

Continuous loop

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9
Q

What’s the fenwal fire detection system made up of

How’s it work

A

Inconel tube which contains thermally sensitive eutectic salt with a nickel wire conductor

The control unit provides a constant small voltage to the sensing elements and when an overheat condition occurs the resistance of the eutetic salt drops and causes a current flow between the outer sheath and central conductor and this current is sensed by the control unit which will set off alarms

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10
Q

What’s the difference between fenwal and Kidde systems

A

Both in inconel tubes but fenwal only has one conductive wire

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11
Q

Where do the two conductors in the Kidde system go

A

One goes to ground connection

Other to the fire detection control unit

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12
Q

What’s a positive of a dual loop system

A

Both loops must signal to get a fire warning which provides more reliability from false alarms

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13
Q

What happens is one of the dual loop sensors is faulty

A

Is deactivated using a flight deck selector switch and allows signals to come from just one of the sensors

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14
Q

What principle does a pneumatic continuous loop system work on

A

On gas expanding when subjected to heat

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15
Q

How are pneumatic continuous loops protected from false warnings

A

When there’s damage the unit gibes a “no test” indicator

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16
Q

What two sensing functions does the pneumatic detector have

A

Overall temp threshold

And a localised discrete temp caused by flame or hot gas’s

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17
Q

At what temp is the hydrogen gas released in the discrete temp sensor

A

When a small section if the tube is heated to pre set discreet temp within the range of 1100 c

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18
Q

At what temp is the hydrogen gas released in the discrete temp sensor

A

When a small section if the tube is heated to pre set discreet temp within the range of 1100 c

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19
Q

What type of configuration are these alarms; Lingberg System, Systron-Donner and Meggitt Safety Systems

A

Dual loop

Reliability

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20
Q

How are the Lingberg System, Systron-Donner and Meggitt Safety Systems made up

A

Steel tube filled with helium and have a length of titanium through the centre

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21
Q

If there’s a failure to get an alarm on the fire detection system what can be the cause for this

A

Defective test switch or control unit

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22
Q

How’s ionisation typensmoke detector work

A

Small piece of radioactive material and an electrode opposite each other

This radioactive material then causes ionisation of oxygen and nitrogen in the air ans then the current can ass across the electrodes via the ionised gas and when smoke comes in it affects the current and if the current goes below the a set value it will set off the alarm

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23
Q

What capacity ac require a smoke detector in the lavatories

A

More than 20 seats

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24
Q

What electricity powers the lavatories smoke detector

A

28 Vdc

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25
Q

What’s the most common extinguishing agent today

A

Halon 1301

Due to it not being very toxic and goof fire fighting

26
Q

What date did ICAO state that all new ac applying for type certificates should now have replaced halon 1301

A

28 November 2024

27
Q

What are fire extinguishing bottles pressurised with

A

Nitrogen

28
Q

What are fire extinguisher bottles made off

A

Steel and titanium

29
Q

What’s in place to prevent the bottle from exceeding the bottle test pressure when exposured to excessive temps

A

A temp/pressure sensitive safety relief diaphragm

30
Q

What are the two types of extinguishint discharge valve

A

Standard release- uses a slug driven by explosive energy to rupture a segmented closure disk

Use direct explosive impact type cartridge that that applies fragmentation impact to rupture a pre stressedCRES diaphragm

31
Q

What type of pressure indicator is used on fire bottles

Why is it used

A

Helical bourbon type

Vibration system

32
Q

Why’s a two way check valve used on twin engine aircraft extinguishent bottles

A

To prevent back flow of the agent backing up into the previously emptied container

33
Q

What does the red fire bottle discharge indicator mean

Yellow discharge indicator mean?

A

Red- when ur discharges due to overheating

Yellow- activated by flight crew

34
Q

How many shots are engine extinguisher systems

A

2

35
Q

What must be done to the engine before the extinguishing agent is discharged

A

Engine must be shut down and isolated from other supplies

36
Q

What colour is the discharge light that shows the fire bottles empty

A

Amber

37
Q

If the engine fire warning is still present after what period of time does the second bottle get discharged

A

30 seconds

38
Q

What’s done to prevent the installation of a fire bottle that’s not fill

A

Weight checks in the bottle and the weight is compared with the weight on the bottle identification plate

39
Q

What’s the usual cartridge/squid service life reccomended by the manufacturer

A

Usually 5 with a max life of 10

40
Q

What things can be done in order to minimise risk of HIRF to fire bottle cartridges ( squibs)

A

Screening of cables sensitive to radio frequency induction
HIRF or RADHAZ filters, especially with explosive cartridges
Placing sensitive equipment within a Faraday Cage
Ensuring bonding of components is within specified parameters

41
Q

How is the piping and tubing on fire bottles checked for freedom of obstruction

A

By blowing clean dry compressed nitrogen

42
Q

What are All commercial aircraft required to have the regarding the capabilities for each cargo or baggage compartment

A

The detection system must provide a visual indication to the flight crew within 60 seconds after the start of a fire.

be capable of detecting a fire at a temp below which the structural integrity of the aircraft is substantially decreased.

There must be a provision for the flight crew to check, in flight, the functioning of each fire detector circuit.

43
Q

What’s the difference between the two cargo extinguisher systems

A

Dump-releases the extinguisher agent when the cargo fire discharge switch is activated

Metered- releases the extinguisher agent slowly to get the correct concentrations of extinguisher to keep it extinguished for 180 mins

44
Q

When are the master warning mights and aural fire warnings prevented from operating

A

Take off

45
Q

How many nozzles does the fire extinguisher bottle have

A

2

46
Q

AT what temp does lavatory fire extinguishers go off

A

76 c

47
Q

What will happen when the engine fire bottle is tested

A

These tests will cause all of the Visual Push Button Annunciators (PBAs), Centralised Warning Panel (CWP) annunciators or messages to be displayed and aural bell and voice message warnings to initiate

48
Q

What do aviation regulations state about fire extinguishers for flight crew

A

There must be one accessible from there seats

49
Q

What capacity ac require a fire extinguisher, 2, 3, 4 etc

A

1= 7-30
2= 31-60
3= 61-200
4=201-300

50
Q

What class fires can be controlled with halons

A

A, B, C

51
Q

What’s the difference between halon 1301 ans 1211

A

1301- is mostly a gas so used in tight spaces and behind obstacles
1211- liquid so used in hand held extinguishers

52
Q

What type of fires are water good for extinguishing

A

A

53
Q

What fires are co2 extinguishers good for

A

B
C

54
Q

What fires are dry chemicals used for

A

A
B
C

55
Q

What fires are halon extinguishers good for

A

A
B
C

56
Q

What type of fires are halocarbon clean agents used on

A

A
B
C

57
Q

What type of fires do SPECIALISED dry powder extinguishers do

A

D

58
Q

What types of fire extinguisher are UNSUITABLE for cabin fires

A

Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry chemicals
Specialised dry powder, suitable for use in ground operations

59
Q

What’s a class a compartment

A

They provide for visual detection of smoke.
They are accessible in flight.
There is a fire extinguisher available.

60
Q

What’s a class b compartment

A

Sufficient access is in flight to enable a crewmember to effectively reach all parts of the compartment with a portable fire extinguisher.
When the access provisions are being used, no hazardous quantity of smoke, flames, or extinguishing agent will enter any compartment occupied by the flight crew or passengers.
Each compartment shall be equipped with a separate system of an approved type of smoke or fire detector to give a warning at the pilot’s station.
Hand fire extinguishers shall be readily available for use in all compartments of this category.

61
Q

What’s a class c compartment

A

There is a separate smoke or fire detector system to give warning to the flight crew.
There is an approved built-in fire extinguishing system controlled by the flight crew.
A means is provided to exclude hazardous quantities of smoke, flames, or other noxious gases from entering any compartment occupied by the flight crew or passengers.
Ventilation and draughts are controlled within each compartment so that the extinguishing agent used can control any fire likely to occur in the compartment.

62
Q

What’s a class e compartment

A

Equipped with a separate system of an approved type of smoke or fire detector.
Means provided to shut off the ventilating airflow to or within the compartment. Controls for such means shall be accessible to the flight crew from within the flight deck.
Means provided to exclude hazardous quantities of smoke, flames, or noxious gases from entering the flight deck.
Required flight crew emergency exits accessible under all cargo loading conditions.

M11 Resit (13 decks)

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