117 Chemical, Biological and Radiological Warfare Fundamentals

Question 1

Explain Chemical Warfare

Answer 1

Intentional use of lethal/nonlethal chemical agents to produce casualties; harass or temp. incapacitate and demoralize personall or destroy areas, equipment and supplies.

Question 2

Explain Biological Warfare

Answer 2

Living organmisms to disable/destroy people or domestic animals, to damage crops and deteriorate their supplies.

Question 3

Explain Radiological Warfare

Answer 3

Deliberate use of radiological weapons to produce injury and death in man

Question 4

Describe the purpose of the MCU-2P protective mask

Answer 4

Protects the human body from airborne gases. Only filters air;does not provide oxygen and has no canister.

Question 5

Describe the purpose of the Chemical Protective Over Garment

Answer 5

Provides protection against solid and/or vapor Chemical or Biological attacks. Does not protect against liquids.

Question 6

Describe the purpose of the Wet-weather Clothing

Answer 6

Protects from liquids-parka, trousers, rubber boots and gloves

Question 7

Describe the purpose of the Atropine/2 Pam Chloride (Oxime) Auto-Injector

Answer 7

Attempts to neutralize the effects of nerve gas. Does NOT automatically inject. You need to inject it into your thigh. The needle comes out and jabs you when you slam the pen into your muscle.

Question 8

Describe the purpose of the IM-143 Pocket Dosimeter

Answer 8

About the size of a pen. They measure how much radiation has been received in certain areas

Question 9

Describe the purpose of the DT-60 Personnel Dosimeter

Answer 9

Same as a IM-143 but a small, round disk thing that measures from longer range than the pen

Question 10

List the 4 types of chemical casualty agents and their physical symptoms

Answer 10

Choking: Dryness of throat, watery eyes. Mustard gas. Affects the soft tissues of the throat and eyes

Question 11

Describe a High Altitude Air Burst

Answer 11

Altitude explosion above 100,000 feet. Disturbs ionosphere and disrupts radio waves. Essentially creates a humongous EMP wave that would knock out electronics over a huge area

Question 12

Describe an Air Burst

Answer 12

Fireball doesn’t touch Earth’s surface. Air rushing to rebalance pressure creates a mushroom cloud and distributes radiation fallout

Question 13

Describe a Surface Burst

Answer 13

Worst fallout. Fireball touches ground, debris gets sucked up and returns as radiation fallout.

Question 14

Describe a Shallow Underwater Burst

Answer 14

Small fireball, explosion creates giant bubble that shoots a collumn of hot water into sky and expels gas and debris, causes large waves

Question 15

Describe a Deep Underwater Burst

Answer 15

Larger than shallow burst, contaminants move much more quickly, same effects as shallow underwater burst but less visual effects.

Question 16

Describe the effect of Blast in a nuclear explosion

Answer 16

Primary and secondary injuries, primarily by blast (direct force on body-more casualties) , secondary by debris (collapsing buildings)

Question 17

Describe the effect of Flash Burns/Blindness in a nuclear explosion

Answer 17

Primary-heat from the bomb. Secondary-fires caused by the bomb

Question 18

Describe the effect of Radiation in a nuclear explosion

Answer 18

Alpha & Beta particles-

Question 19

Describe the effect of EMP in a nuclear explosion

Answer 19

Electro-Magnetic Pulse-Destroys electronics by super-oversurging them with electricity

Question 20

Describe the effect of Blackout in a nuclear explosion

Answer 20

Loss of lights or electrical power in general during a nuclear attack

Question 21

Define MOPP

Answer 21

Mission-Oriented Protective Posture- amount of protective CBR gear to wear or have readily available.

Question 22

What is MOPP Level 1?

Answer 22

Gas masks issue and kept at battle stations. Inventory conducted on chem./ biological defense equip. and supplies.

Question 23

What is MOPP Level 2?

Answer 23

Gas masks are carried by personnel

Question 24

What is MOPP Level 3?

Answer 24

Wear protective equip. (smock with hood down, pants, over boots) stow decontam. kits in mask carrier, stow chem. gloves and medical supplies in jumper pocket. Go to gen. quarters, mat. condition Zebra. Fill canteens, active decontam. stations, post detection and monitoring teams.

Question 25

What is MOPP Level 4?

Answer 25

Don gas mask, secure hood over head and mask. Don gloves. Condition Circle William is set (security of air vents) Activate Countermeasure Washdown System continuously

Question 26

What is material condition ZEBRA?

Answer 26

Movement around the ship is very restricted. Set during air ops, general quarters, during VERTREP, etc. Makes sure personnel are within easy reach in case of emergency, especially a fire or crash