11.5 Introduction to Reaction Mechanisms Flashcards
What are the 2 types of bond fission?
HOMOLYTIC
HETEROLYTIC
What is heterolytic fission?
Bond fission
in which 1 covalently bonded atom
takes BOTH ELECTRONS in the shared pair.
Forms cation + anion
What is homolytic fission?
Bond fission
in which each covalently bonded atom
gains ONE ELECTRON EACH.
forms RADICALS
What are reaction mechanisms?
sequence of BOND BREAKING + FORMING
showing movement of ELECTRONS
during a reaction.
What are the 2 different types of arrows found in reaction mechanisms?
CURLY
FISHHOOK
What do curly arrows represent? ↷
movement of PAIR OF ELECTRONS.
used in heterolytic fission.
What do fishhook arrows represent?
movement of SINGLE UNPAIRED ELECTRON.
used in homolytic fission.
What are the different types of general reactions?
ADDITION
SUBSTITUTION
ELIMINATION
What is an ADDITION reaction?
molecule/atom + UNSATURATED molecule ⟶ saturated molecule
molecule/atom is added to UNSATURATED molecule, forming a saturated molecule.
What is a SUBSTITUTION reaction?
atom/group of atoms REPLACED by atom/group of atoms.
What is an ELIMINATION reaction?
atom/group of atoms REMOVED from saturated molecule
forming an unsaturated molecule.
