11.5 Consciousness Part 2 Flashcards
What are dyssomnias?
abnormalities in the amount, quality, or timing of sleep
What is included in dyssomnias?
insomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea
What is insomnia?
difficulty falling or staying asleep
What is narcolepsy?
periodic, overwhelming sleepiness during waking periods that usually lasts less than five minutes
What is sleep apnea?
intermittently stopping breathing during sleep which results in waking after a minute without air
What causes narcolepsy?
dysfunction in the hypothalamus producing hypocretin
What are parasomnias?
abnormal behaviors that occur during sleep
What are types of parasomnias?
somnambulism and night terrors
What is somnambulism?
sleep walking
What are night terrors?
occurs during stage 3 of sleep when an individual appears terrified and may sit up or walk around
What are the two theories for how hypnosis works?
dissociation theory
social influence theory
What is the dissociation theory of hypnosis?
suggests that hypnosis is an extreme form of divided consciousness
What is the social influence theory of hypnosis?
suggests that people do and report whats expected of them
What is meditation?
mindfulness technique for training attention in a particular way
What is the most common protocol used in meditation?
mindfulness-based stress reduction
What are the three main categories of psychoactive drugs?
depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens
What are depressants and what types are there?
class of drugs that depresses or slows neural activity; alcohol, barbituates and opiates
What are stimulants and what types are there?
class of drugs that speed up bod functions and increase neural activity by either increasing the release of neurotransmitters or reduce the reuptake of neurotransmitters; caffiene, nicotine, and amphetamines
What are hallucinogens and what types are there?
class of drugs that distort perception in the absence of any sensory input creating hallucinations; LSD and marijuana
