1.15 - 1.16 Gene expression

Question 1

What factors controlling what processes does the phenotypic expression of genes depend on?

Answer 1

Factors such as the products of other genes and the environment control transcription and translation.

This is relevant to the phenotypic expression of genes as it depends on these factors controlling t and t.

Question 2

What is cellular, differentation associated with and cellular development controlled by

Answer 2

Tissue growth and gene expression

All human cells started as stem cells and are differentiated into specific cell
types

differentiation is affected by gene expression

Question 3

Factors controlling t and t

Answer 3

transcription:

Transcrription factors can activate or repress the rate of transcription

Translation:
The rate of translation can also be regulated by the cell

Other factos
gender
some types of chemicals
temperature

Question 4

What is methylation

Answer 4

the process of adding a methyl group to a molecule this strongly influences gene expression more meth less trans

Question 5

What nucleotides in DNA can be methylated and what does this do?

Answer 5

Cytosine nucleotides can be methylated which alters gene expression This will restict the action of RNA polymerase

Question 6

What happens to highly methylated genes

Answer 6

They become switched off and silent

Question 7

What happens to Chromatin

Answer 7

It can be packed densely by being tightly bound to histones (Making it inaccesible for transcription) It can also be modified so it is loosely bound to histones and arranged with less density. (Making it accesible for transcription)