1.10 Proteins and their weird structures

Question 1

what determines the folding of a polypeptpide to from a unique 3d shape

Answer 1

determined by its sequence of amino acids

Question 2

Primary structure

Answer 2

Many amino acids combine in a, specific sequence (specified originally from the DNA code strand) to form a polypeptide

The primary structure of the protein is the specific sequence of amino acids

Question 3

Secondary structure

Answer 3

The repeated, regular structure, that polypeptide chains take due to hydrogen bonding between peptide groups

Question 4

Tertiary structure

Answer 4

This is the complex 3D protein shape resulting from the further folding of the polypeptide due to interactions between the amino acid side chains (R groups)

Question 5

Quaternary structure

Answer 5

Includes all the structures of the polypeptide

This level is where more than one polypeptide is bonded together to form a complex protein

stabilised by attractive forces between the two or more polypeptide chains.

Question 6

How are amino acids joined in the primary structure

Answer 6

by peptide bonds

Question 7

What are the three distinct chemical groups of amino acids

Answer 7

protein molecules are made up from the 20 diff amino acids which have three distinct chemical groups:

carboxyl group
side chain
amino acid

Question 8

What are the two types of secondary structures

Answer 8

alpha helix

beta-pleated sheet

Question 9

What are the different forces of atrraction at the tertiary level

Answer 9

There are different types of attractive forces that operate in the tertiary level: hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and covalent bonding.