11.2 reception

Question 1

the signaling molecule behaves like a

Answer 1

ligand

Question 2

ligand

Answer 2

a molecules that specifically binds to another molecule

• causes receptor protein to change in shape
• or causes 2 receptor molecules to aggregate together

Question 3

signal receptors in the plasma membrane are

Answer 3

water soluble and too large to pass through the plasma membrane

Question 4

how do membrane proteins work

Answer 4

-water soluble signal binds to specific site in membrane

• shape changes
• or aggregates transmitting info (from the external environment)`

Question 5

where are intracellular receptors

Answer 5

in the cytoplasm or nucleus in target cells

Question 6

signal molecules for intracellular receptors

Answer 6

• hydrophobic or small enough to pass through phospholipid bilayer in plasma membrane
• steroids, thyroid hormones, nitric oxide (NO) -gas

Question 7

3 major types of plasma membrane receptors

Answer 7

G protein coupled receptors
receptor tyrosine kinases
-ion channel receptors

Question 8

3 common types of intracellular receptors

Answer 8

-steroids,
thyroid hormones,
nitric oxide (NO) -gas

Question 9

how odes testosterone work

Answer 9

• intracellular steroid is
• secreted by testes-> blood -> cells
• binds to receptor proteins
• hormone/ protein complex changes shape and enters nucleus
• controls male gender characteristics

Question 10

what proteins control whether or not a gene is transcribed

Answer 10

transcription factors

• testosterone was a transcription factor after it went into the nucleus
• it turns on specific genes to be transcribed (by binding to them)

Question 11

G protein coupled receptors

Answer 11

-plasma membrane receptor that works with a G protein to bind GTP (energy molecule)