1.12 Earthquakes Flashcards
1
Q
The Himalayans
A
- Fold mountains thrust upwards with continental collision
- Continue to be uplifted at a rate of 2 cm/year
2
Q
P - waves
A
- They have a short wavelength and travel fast through both solid rock and liquid
- Waves push and pull in the direction of travel to create compressional and extensional zones
3
Q
S - waves
A
- Slower than P waves and only moves through solid rock (not liquid)
- Longer wavelength and movement is at a right angle to the direction of travel
- Up and down
4
Q
L - waves
A
- Slowest but most destructing waves. Only move at surface
- They have the largest amplitude and shake the ground from side to side as the waves travel forward
5
Q
What is liquefaction
A
During an earthquake, the shaking ground may become much less solid as soil and groundwater combine to form a material that acts like a liquid. This process is called liquefaction. In many ways, the ground becomes something like the quicksand
6
Q
What is a tsunami?
A
When earthquake displaces the water column creating a bulge of water
7
Q
What is landslides?
A
When ground shaking destabilises slope material causing it to slide
