111214 intro to sleep Flashcards
what kind of waves in different stages of sleep?
BATSDB mneumonic
in what stage is it low amplitude, high frequency EEG waveform?
awake and REM
in REM, there’s sawtooth waves
in what stage are there sleep spindles and K complexes?
stage 2
low frequency, high amplitude EEG characterizes which sleep stage?
3,4
delta waves
REM sleep usually changes how over the sleeping period?
REM episodes increase in length
sleep architecture of newborn compared to young adult?
cycle shorter, but total is longer. increased REM
sleep architecture of elderly compared to to young
little stage 4, 3. instead of 5 cycles, have 10-15 cycles
what type of sleep predominates the first half of the night
NREM
what kind of sleep predominates the last half of night
REM
stage 2 sleep accounts for about what percentage of the entire night?
45-55%
dreams are usually not recalled in what kind of sleep?
NREM
what sleep is associated with active dreaming?
REM
paradoxical sleep is another name for
REM sleep
sleep wake cycle is affected by what?
circadian factors
duration of wakefulness and sleep
process C
alerting signal that keeps you awake
at night, it shuts off
circadian oscillatory component affecting the propensity for sleep and waking
process H
sleep load
homeostatic process
the longer awake, the greater propensity to sleep
what is responsible for circadian pattern?
neurons in suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothalamus
what does the internal biological clock match?
the day length by the environmental photoperiod
how does resetting of biological clock occur?
mediated through photoreceptors in retina which send signals to SCN
if you had eternal darkness, what would happen to sleep rhythm?
no cues–
so would sleep later and later each night
process S
drive to sleep (increases with time in awake state)
ascending projections from what affect the sleep wake cycle?
brainstem (serotnoinergic neurons in raphe pallidus,noradrenergic neurons in locus coeruleus)
and hypothalamus
wakefulness is promoted by
increased excitatory and decreased inhibitory neuromodulators
circadian and homeostatic centers
NREM sleep occurs when
when brainstem excitatory and hypothalamic circadian and homoestatic factors decrease
