111 MARINE CORPS OPERATIONS FUNDAMENTALS Flashcards
What is the primary function and crew of the AH-1W Cobra?
Attack helicopter; crew of 2 officers (pilot and gunner)
What armament does the AH-1W Cobra carry?
20mm turreted cannon (750 rounds), 2.75”/5.0” rockets, TOW/Hellfire, Sidewinder, Sidearm missiles
What is the mission of the AH-1W Cobra?
Fire support, security, anti-armor, anti-helicopter, armed escort, and limited air defense
What is the primary function and crew of the CH-46E Sea Knight?
Medium-lift assault support helicopter; crew of 4 (pilot, copilot, crew chief, 1st mechanic/gunner)
What payloads can the CH-46E Sea Knight carry?
9-16 troops, 15 litters + 2 attendants (medevac), or 2,000-4,000 lbs cargo
What is the mission of the CH-46E Sea Knight?
All-weather, day/night assault transport of troops, supplies, equipment; also medevac and SAR
What is the primary function of the CH-53D Sea Stallion?
Transport equipment and supplies during amphibious assaults
What is the crew and armament of the CH-53D Sea Stallion?
Crew of 4 (pilot, copilot, crew chief, 1st mechanic/gunner); two .50 cal machine guns
What can the CH-53D Sea Stallion lift and carry?
Lifts 7 tons; carries 37 passengers (55 with centerline seats)
What is the primary function and crew of the CH-53E Super Sea Stallion?
Heavy-lift helicopter for equipment and supplies; crew of 4 (pilot, copilot, crew chief, 1st mechanic/gunner)
What is the lifting capacity of the CH-53E Super Sea Stallion?
16 tons at sea level, transportable 50 nautical miles
What are some typical loads for the CH-53E?
M198 howitzer (16,000 lbs) or Light Armored Vehicle (26,000 lbs)
What is the primary function and crew of the UH-1N Huey?
Utility helicopter; crew of 2 officers and 2 enlisted
What armament does the UH-1N Huey carry?
M-240 7.62mm or GAU-16 .50 cal or GAU-17 7.62mm guns; 2.75” rocket pods
What are key missions of the UH-1N Huey?
Command/control, combat assault, medevac, fire support, and troop transport
What is the primary function of the MV-22B Osprey?
Amphibious assault transport of troops, equipment, and supplies
What makes the MV-22B Osprey unique, and what is its crew?
Tilt-rotor VTOL aircraft; crew of 2 pilots
What aircraft is the MV-22B replacing?
CH-46E and CH-53D medium-lift helicopters
What is the primary function and crew of the EA-6B Prowler?
Airborne electronic warfare; crew of 4
What systems does the EA-6B Prowler use?
ALQ-99 jamming, USQ-113 comms jammer, HARM missiles
What is the mission of the EA-6B Prowler?
Electronic attack, support, protection, and suppression of enemy air defenses
What is the primary function and crew of the AV-8B Harrier II?
Attack surface targets day/night; crew of 1
What armament does the AV-8B Harrier II carry?
25mm GAU-12 gun (300 rounds), AIM-9 Sidewinder, AGM-65 Maverick, external pods
What are key missions of the AV-8B Harrier II?
Close/deep air support, anti-air warfare, carrier/expeditionary ops
What is the primary function and crew of the KC-130 Hercules?
In-flight refueling and tactical transport; crew of 6 (2 pilots, navigator, engineer, mechanic, 1-2 loadmasters)
What refueling capability does the KC-130 provide?
Two pods, each transferring 300 gallons/minute
What missions does the KC-130 Hercules support?
Refueling, troop/cargo delivery, medevac, special ops support
What is the primary function and crew of the F-18A/B/C Hornet?
Intercept aircraft and attack targets; crew of 1
What armament does the F-18A/B/C Hornet carry?
20mm M61 gun, AIM-7, AIM-9, AMRAAMs, Harpoons, Mavericks, bombs
What are key missions of the F-18A/B/C Hornet?
Air defense, close/deep air support, SEAD, carrier/expeditionary ops
What is the primary function and crew of the F-18D Hornet?
Attack, recon, and coordination; crew of 2
How does the F-18D differ in Marine vs. Navy use?
Marines use it for tactical strikes; Navy uses it as a trainer
What is the primary function and crew of the F-18G Hornet?
Tactical jamming and ISR; crew of 2 (pilot, weapons officer)
What replaced the EA-6B Prowler in Navy service?
F-18G Hornet
What armament does the F-18G Hornet carry?
ALQ-99 jamming pods, AGM-88 HARM, AIM-120 AMRAAMs
What is the primary function and crew of the F-35 Lightning II?
Stealth multirole combat; crew of 1
What are the payload capacities of the F-35 in stealth vs. beast mode?
Stealth: 5,700 lbs internal; Beast: 22,000 lbs internal/external
What are the three F-35 variants and their roles?
F-35A (CTOL, conventional), F-35B (STOVL, short takeoff), F-35C (carrier-based)
What is the primary mission of the LHA (Tarawa-class)?
Land and sustain Marines during hostilities as part of an ARG (3,000 personnel)
What improvements does the LHD (Wasp-class) have over the LHA?
Enhanced well deck (3 LCACs vs. 1) and capacity for 2 more helicopters
What is the role of the LPD (Austin-class)?
Transport and land Marines/equipment; acts as flagship with command facilities
What can the LSD (Harpers Ferry-class) launch?
LCACs and other amphibious craft/vehicles; acts as primary control ship
What is the payload and speed of the LCAC?
60-75 tons (e.g., M-1 tank), high-speed over-the-beach transport
What does the LCU transport, and what is its range?
Tanks, vehicles, troops, cargo; 1,200 nautical miles at 10 knots
What are the dual missions of the T-AH hospital ship?
Provide acute medical/surgical care afloat and support disaster relief
What does the T-AK (Hauge Jr. class) support, and where is it prepositioned?
Supports a MAGTF for 30 days with full cargo; prepositioned in Diego Garcia
What defines war operations?
Large-scale combat to achieve national objectives quickly with minimal casualties
What are the goals of MOOTW?
Deter war, resolve conflict, promote peace, support civil authorities
How do MOOTW differ from war in execution?
More politically sensitive, restrictive ROE, often support other agencies
What activities are part of arms control MOOTW?
Verifying treaties, seizing WMD, escorting weapon deliveries
What are the two components of combating terrorism?
Antiterrorism (defensive, e.g., training) and counterterrorism (offensive, e.g., raids)
What is an example of sanctions enforcement, and when did it occur?
Operation SUPPORT DEMOCRACY, Haiti, 1993
What is the purpose of enforcing exclusion zones?
Prohibit activities to change behavior (e.g., no-fly zones over Iraq, 1992)
What does ensuring freedom of navigation protect?
US rights to sea/air routes (e.g., Gulf of Sidra ops, 1986)
What is humanitarian assistance (HA) limited to in scope?
Short-term relief for disasters (e.g., SEA ANGEL II, Bangladesh, 1992)
What triggers military support to civil authorities?
Emergencies overtaxing civil capabilities (e.g., Hurricane Andrew, 1992)
What is included in nation assistance?
Security assistance, FID, HCA to promote stability (e.g., Foreign Military Sales)
What characterizes noncombatant evacuation operations (NEOs)?
Relocate civilians with minimal force (e.g., EASTERN EXIT, Somalia, 1991)
What distinguishes peacekeeping (PKO) from peace enforcement (PEO)?
PKO needs consent (e.g., Sinai, 1982); PEO uses force (e.g., Somalia, 1992)
What does protection of shipping involve?
Defending US vessels/citizens (e.g., EARNEST WILL, Kuwaiti ships, 1987)
What are recovery operations designed to retrieve?
Personnel, remains, or sensitive items (e.g., FULL ACCOUNTING, Vietnam)
What is the intent of show of force operations?
Demonstrate resolve (e.g., JTF-Philippines, 1989)
What differentiates strikes from raids?
Strikes inflict damage (e.g., URGENT FURY, 1983); raids secure/withdraw (e.g., EL DORADO CANYON, 1986)
What defines MOUT?
Military operations conducted on urbanized terrain
Why are cities strategic in warfare?
Centers of gravity, hubs of radicals, media, and power
What prepares Marines for urban warfare?
Forward deployment, MAGTF organization, and rapid response capability
How many times has the US employed military force since WWII, and what role do Marines play?
Over 200 times, 4/5 with naval forces including Marines
What enhances Marine MOUT adaptability?
Maritime prepositioning forces (MPFs) for quick combat buildup
What tactics emerged from Stalingrad (1942-1943)?
Storm groups (task-organized assault units); over 1.6 million casualties
What was unique about Seoul (1950) fighting?
Centered on street barricades, not buildings; thousands of casualties
What support was key in Quang Tri II (1972)?
Extensive artillery and air support recaptured the city; 30,000+ casualties combined
What characterized the Second Battle of Fallujah (2004)?
Heavy urban combat vs. insurgents, likened to Hue City (1968)
How many troops were involved in Marjah (2010), and what was the goal?
15,000 joint forces to remove Taliban from Marjah stronghold
How do non-combatants impede mobility in MOUT?
Civilians fleeing block routes; commanders plan refugee paths
How does firepower change with non-combatants present?
Restricted to small arms or no-fire zones to avoid casualties
What security risks do non-combatants pose in urban ops?
Pilferage, sabotage, terrorism; increases defensive needs
How do non-combatants affect obstacle employment?
Limits mines/booby traps on civilian routes, requires guarding
What laws guide firepower use with non-combatants?
Law of land warfare applies if no specific MAGTF guidance
What is the operational focus of OMFTS?
Achieving a strategic objective using sea-based maneuver
How does OMFTS utilize the sea?
As a maneuver space to project power
What tempo does OMFTS generate?
Overwhelming speed and momentum
How does OMFTS engage the enemy?
Pits strength against weakness for advantage
What tactical elements does OMFTS emphasize?
Intelligence, deception, and flexibility
What forces does OMFTS integrate?
Organic, joint, and combined assets
What is the crew size of the CH-53E Super Sea Stallion?
4 (pilot, copilot, crew chief, 1st mechanic/gunner)
What refueling feature does the CH-53E have?
In-flight refueling probe for indefinite range
How many passengers can the UH-1N Huey evacuate?
Up to 6 litter patients plus 1 medical attendant
What is the planned USMC inventory for the MV-22B Osprey?
350 aircraft
What system enhances the EA-6B Prowler’s post-mission analysis?
Tactical Electronic Reconnaissance Processing and Evaluation System (TERPES)
What radar does the AV-8BII+ Harrier share with the F-18?
APG-65 radar
What is the refueling rate of the KC-130 Hercules?
300 gallons/minute per pod, two pods total
What gun is mounted on the F-18A/B/C Hornet?
M61 20mm six-barrel gun in the nose
What unique capability does the F-35 Lightning II have in stealth mode?
Carries 5,700 lbs of internal ordinance autonomously
How many personnel does an LHA ARG typically include?
Approximately 5,000 (3,000 sailors/Marines + others)
What is the LCAC’s advantage over traditional landing craft?
High speed and heavy payload (e.g., M-1 tank)
What restricts military support to civil authorities?
Posse Comitatus Act, unless authorized (e.g., Title 10 exceptions)
Who is responsible for NEO evacuations of US citizens?
Department of State, supported by DOD
What was the length of the Second Battle of Fallujah (2004)?
November to December 2004 (about 1-2 months)
What was the casualty count estimate for Stalingrad (1942-1943)?
Over 1.63 million
What historical frequency supports Marine MOUT readiness?
US used force 200+ times since WWII, 80% with naval/Marine involvement
