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Bacte Lab (Midterm) > 1.1.1 Cultivation of bacteria > Flashcards

1.1.1 Cultivation of bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Process of growing microorganisms in culture by taking bacteria from in vivo (Infection site) to In vitro environment (Artificial environment)

A

Bacterial cultivation

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2
Q

What is in vivo environment in Bacterial cultivation?

A

Infection site

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3
Q

What is in vitro environment in Bacterial cultivation?

A

Artificial environment that mimics in vivo

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4
Q

What are the main purpose of Bacterial Cultivation

A

To grow and isolate
To determine which bacteria that grow that causes infection
To obtain sufficient growth of clinically relevant bacteria to allow Identification, characterization, and susceptibility testing

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5
Q

What are the nutritional needs for bacteria?

A

Carbon
Nitrogen
Non-metallic elements (Sulfur, phoshorus)
Metallic elements
Vitamins
Water
Energy

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6
Q

Most essential and central atom common to all cellular structures and functions

A

Carbon

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7
Q

Organisms requires inorganic compounds or carbon

A

Autotrophs (CO2)

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8
Q

Organisms requires organic compounds or carbon

A

Heterotrophs (Carbohydrates)

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9
Q

Essential atom for proteins and nucleic acid

A

Nitrogen

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10
Q

Type of proteins that is responsible for metabolic activities

A

Enzymes

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11
Q

Example of Non metallic elements?

A

Sulfur
Phosphorus

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12
Q

Integral to some amino acids and component of proteins

A

Sulfur

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13
Q

What is the source of sulfur for organic compounds

A

amino acids

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14
Q

What is the source of sulfur for inorganic compounds

A

Sulfates

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15
Q

Non metallic elements that forms the nucleic acid DNA and RNA

A

Phophorus

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16
Q

Phosphorus synthesize a high energy organic compound called?

A

Adenosine triphoshate

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17
Q

What is phosphorus being supplied to the cell?

A

Phosphate salt

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18
Q

What are the metallic elements

A

Calcium, Zinc, Sodium, Potassium, Copper, Manganese, Magnesium Ferrous, and Ferric

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19
Q

What are the activities for metallic elements?

A

Osmoregulation,
Regulation of enzyme activity,
Electron Transport

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20
Q

How is metallic elements present in the body?

A

Present in small amounts and are supplied by inorganic salts

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21
Q

Sources of coenzymes which are required for the formation of active enzyme systems

A

Vitamins

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22
Q

Vitamins are present in _____ amount and produce by?

A

Small
Organic substance

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23
Q

Universal medium requires to cross the cell membrane

A

water

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24
Q

Purpose of energy?

A

Active transport
Biosynthesis
Biodegradation of macromolecules

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25
Q

Bacteria requires radiant energy

A

Phototrophs

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26
Q

Dependent on oxidation of chemical compounds

A

Chemotrophs

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27
Q

Nutrients are incorporated on or in which bacteria are grown?

A

Culture media

28
Q

What are the consideration for culture media?

A

Growth requirements
Optimal environmental conditions

29
Q

Bacteria that needs relatively complex, and exceptional media components

A

Fastidious microorganisms

30
Q

Bacteria that needs relatively basic and straightforward nutrients (Clinicaly important bacteria)

A

Non-Fastidious micoorganisms

31
Q

NOTE:

A

Additional requirement nutrients require for the growth of fastidious microorganisms

32
Q

What is the difference between broth and Plate

A

Concentration of agar

33
Q

What is the basis for growth in broth/Culture media?

A

Turbidity

34
Q

The higher the turbidity, ____________

A

more cell density

35
Q

How many to know if the bacteria is in the broth?

A

10th to the 6th bacteria/mm of broth

36
Q

What is the basis for growth of bacteria in agar?

A

Colonies

37
Q

Composed of KNOWN quantities of chemically pure, specific organic and/or inorganic compounds.

Their use requires knowledge of the organism’s specific nutritional needs

A

Chemically defined media / Minimal media

38
Q

Example of Chemically defined media?

A

Inorganic synthetic broth
Glucose salts broth

39
Q

The Exact chemical composition of these media is NOT KNOWN.

They are made of extracts of plants and animal tissue and are variable in their chemical composition

A

Complex media

40
Q

Example of complex media?

A

Nutrient agar
Yeast Extract broth

41
Q

This type of medium is not usually used in diagnostic microbiology laboratory

A

Chemically defined media (Minimal media)

41
Q

This type of medium is not usually used in diagnostic microbiology laboratory

A

Chemically defined media (Minimal media)

42
Q

Components of Nutrient agar

A

peptone (Nitrogen)
Beef extracts (Organic carbon, vitamins, inorganic salts)

43
Q

Contain specific nutrients required for the growth of particular bacterial pathogens.

A

Enrichment media

44
Q

Example of Enrichment media?

A

Buffered charcoal-yeast extract agar (BCYE)

45
Q

What bacteria can grow on BCYE?

A

Legionella pneumophila
Nocardia

46
Q

Used to ensure growth of an organisms when no organisms grow on solid media after initial specimen inoculation

A

Enrichment broths

47
Q

Causative agent of Legionnaires disease

A

Legionella pneumophila

48
Q

What contains in BCYE for the growth of Legionella pneumophila?

A

L-cystine

49
Q

Example of Enrichment broth?

A

Thioglycollate broth
Todd-hewitt broth
Gram negative broth (GN broth)

50
Q

What is the purpose of Thioglycollate broth?

A

Separation anerobic microorganisms

51
Q

What is the component for Todd-Hewitt broth?

A

Colistin and Nalidixic acid

52
Q

What bacteria grow on Todd-Hewitt broth?

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

53
Q

What is the purpose of GN broth?

A

Enrich Enteric gram negative microorganisms

54
Q

Contain nutrients that support growth of most non-fastidious organisms WITHOUT any particular organisms a growth advantage

General purpose

A

Nutritive media

55
Q

Example of Nutritive agar

A

Tryptic soy agar/broth
Nutrient agar (Bacteria)
Sabouraud’s dextrose agar (Fungi)

56
Q

Contain one or more agents that are inhibitory to all organisms except those “selected” by the specfic growth condition or chemica

A

Selective media

57
Q

Examples of inhibitory agents

A

Dyes (Crystal violet)
Bile salts
Alcohols
Acids
Antibiotics

BAlAcDAn

58
Q

Example of Selective media?

A

Phenylethyl alcohol with 5% SBA

59
Q

What is the purpose of PEA?

A

inhibits the growth of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods

60
Q

Employ some factor/s that allow colonies of one bacterial species or type to exhibit certain metabolic or culture characteristics that can be used to distinguish then from other growing on the same agar plate

A

Differential media

61
Q

Example of Differential media?

A

MacConkey agar

62
Q

Media used in diagnostic bacteriology that provide more than one function

A

Combination media

63
Q

Differentiate lactose fermenter from non lactose fermenter

A

MacConkey agar

64
Q

Positive indicator for MacConkey

A

Pink colonies

65
Q

Negative indicator for MacConkey

A

Colorless

66
Q

Components of MacConkey agar?

A

Bile salts
Crystal violet

  • Inhibits Gram positive cocci

Bacte Lab (Midterm) (9 decks)

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