11 - Traumatic brain injury Flashcards
Can a head concussion be considered a TBI?
Yes (mild TBI)
Definition of traumatic brain injury
Defined as a physical injury to brain tissue that temporarily or permanently impairs brain function
TBI is caused by external mechanical forces such as: (2)
- A direct blow to the head by blunt of penetrating object
- Indirect forces such as inertia, where rapid movement of the head causes back and forth movement of the brain inside the skull
TBI classified based on 2 things
- Severity (mild, moderate, severe)
2. Mechanism of injury (closed or penetrating head injury)
Depending on the severity, TBI can affect numerous aspects such as (5)
Physical capability Cognitive ability Emotional state Social interactions Behavior
After a TBI, there is an increase risk of (3)
Epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease
Can the side of brain lesions predict the type of impairments and disabilities following TBI?
YES
Leading cause of death and disability for people under 35 yo
Traumatic brain injury
Incidence of TBI (w vs m)
78,8% MEN vs 21,2% WOMEN
65 000 new cases every year in Canada, of these:
- 20% ___
- 10 to 20% ____
- And the the others (50%) ____
Die
Survive with severe impairments, no independent living
Learn to live with various disorders
Incidence of TBI (age group)
1 is the 15-24 years old
Incidence (sports vs assaults vs motor vehicle)
20% sports
9% assault
28% motor vehicle
2 types of TBI
Penetrating head injury
“Closed head” injury
Penetrating head injury
Where brain tissue is damaged by an object such as a knife, a bullet or bone fragments that has pierced the skull and dura mater
Closed head injury
Injury in which the skull and dura mater are not breached
When there is damage at both sides of impact
Coup contre-coup injury