11- probiotics

Question 1

What are the 4 categories of microbial populations

Answer 1

1- autochtonous microbiota
2- normal microbiota
3- pathogens
4- allochtonous microbiota

Question 2

What are abiotics ?

Answer 2

Typically consist of probiotic strains that have been inactivated by lysis, heat, or UV irradiation and have demonstrated some effectiveness in downregulating the inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial cells.

Question 3

What are prebiotics ?

Answer 3

are non-digestible carbohydrates that act as “food” for probiotics. Prebiotics help probiotics grow and remain in your digestive system. Not all non-digestible carbohydrates are prebiotics. All prebiotics must meet specific scientific criteria.

Question 4

What are synbiotics ?

Answer 4

Food ingredients or dietary supplements combining probiotics and prebiotics in a form of synergism

Question 5

Probiotic preparations generally contain ___ and ___which are normal constituents of the human gastrointestinal microflora

Answer 5

Bifidobacteria and LAB (lactobaccillus)

Question 6

What are the criteria for selection of probiotic strains

Answer 6

1. origin of strains (biochemical activity)
2. biosafety
3. tolerance to acid and bile salts
4. adhesion to intestinal cells
5. production of antimicrobial substances
6. utilization of prebiotic

Question 7

what are the mechanisms of action of probiotic in the git?

Answer 7

1. Interaction with the Immune System
2. strengthening the mucosal barrier
3. exclusion of pathogen

Question 8

____ has been shown to colonize the vagina following oral intake

Answer 8

L. rhamnosus